SIMIA SAlMaS, THE ORANG-OUTANG 



491 



seemingly incapable of solving ins pn)l)[enis jjy tins lower grade process, 

 strove persistently and often vainly to gain insight. It is true, lie used ideas 

 defectively at lirst, but later to much better purpose. Animals tar lower m 



FIG. 224B. DETAILED DIAGRAM OF BASE OF BRAIX, ORAXG-OUTAXG. 



intelligence, for exami:)le tlie pig, surpassed the orang in their ability to 

 solve these relational ])rol)lciiis because they used the method of elimination 

 by trial consistentl\ and ellecti\ely. Julius, in these experiments, made a 

 poor showing because his substitute for trial and error is only slightly devel- 

 oped, l)ut, ne\ertheiess, sufTiciently ad\anced to luring al)()ut the final solution 

 of the |)r(iblem by ideation. 



