700 THE HIGHER ANTHROPOIDS 



nervous system. This is the neopallium of the end-brain, whose purpose is to 

 create more complex sensory associations as a basis for correspondingly more 

 capable motor reactions. The neopallium is that part of the cerebral cortex 

 which gave the nerve impulse to and supplied the brain power for the age of 

 mammals. 



Neokinesis. The neural combinations assembled in the neopallium 

 and projected by the pyramidal system have their externalized expression 

 in an extensive group of reactions collectively known as neokiitesis. This new 

 type of activity, characteristic of mammalia, is most important because of its 

 potential expansibility. Its limits seem to be set only by the degree to which 

 the neopallium may itself expand. Such extensions as have occurred in this 

 part of the brain may be followed \\ ith exactness through all the orders of 

 mammals. They advance step by step through the ultimate transitions 

 observed in the primates and finally reach their culmination m man whose 

 multitudinous neokinetic activities are expressed in the history of the human 

 race. It might be expected that the projection system representing neokinetic 

 development would be a most outstanding feature by which to differentiate 

 the primates, one from another. In general, however, efferent conduction sys- 

 tems in the neuraxis are under the necessity of confining themselves to the 

 smallest possible space. Their purpose is to convey neural impulses already 

 synthetized by more or less extensive central areas and thus ready for trans- 

 mission to the effectors of the body without further modification or 

 adjustment. 



CO.MP.ARISO.N OF THE PYRAMIDAL SYSTEMS IN THE GREAT ANTHROPOIDS 



The comparison of the pyramidal systems in the great anthropoids 

 discloses an essential equality in these three intrahuinan species. The pyram- 

 idal coefficients of all of the higher anthropoids have relatively the same 

 value, although the chimpanzee stands somewhat above either the gorilla 



