FROM PRIMI I l\ E TO MODERN MAN 733 



indcpc'iukntK ol'ratli otiur. The lirst ofthcsc branches gave rise to the great 

 tnocleni anthroi^oltls in tlie iatiiil\ Simiidae, inchiding the orang-outang, the 

 ehini])an/.ee and the gorilla. With them also were connected at least two 

 extinct lornis, i.e., Dryopitheciis, a large gibbon-like ape in many ways 

 resembling the sur\ i\ ing members of this group, and Paleopithecus which 

 made its appearance at a much latir period. The second branch to leave the 

 common stem ga\e rise to the human family. It is to-day represented by all 

 of the modern races of man known collectively as the species Homo sapiens. 

 This species comprises the African, the Australian, the .Mongolian and the 

 European \arieties. 



Keith has graphically illustrated this conception concerning the deriva- 

 tion of the human race from a common prehuman stock as shown in figure 

 i8() in his work, "The Anti(|uit\ of Man." He has also given a like j^ri'sen- 

 tation with reference to the deri\ation of the great anthropoid apes, showing 

 their probable relation to the jirehuman stock. 



PKIMIIUE RACES WHICH HA\ E DIS.JlPPE.\RED FKOM THE E.\RTH 



Paleontological investigations ha\e revealed the former existence of at 

 least four prehistoric races of men who occupied their places upon the human 

 stage for a greater or less period and then, in const'ciuence of factors not yet 

 altogether clear, became extinct. These extinct races appear to vary so con- 

 siderabU from the modern representative of the species that a question has 

 been raised concerning the w isdom of creating for each oi them a new genus 

 within the faml[\ . One reason for this distinction is that none of thecxtinct 

 races ma\ properly be considered the direct ancestor of living man any more 

 perhaps than the existing genera of great apes. 



PiTiiECANTHKoins Erectls. Tile oldest, most primitive of these 

 races that ha\e disappeared from the earth is known as Pithecanthropus 



