FROM PRIMITIN F. TO MODERN .\F'\N 737 



C'xtitck'd his liniittd |)(i\\crs. lli>\\r\cT lumianoicl Pit luiaiit liropus m;i\ have 

 ht'i-n m rc's[)t'ct tn thr postuix' nl his body and t hi' <_^'iUTal chaiactcT ol'his loco- 

 niotiiui. It IS ccTtam that he was iiiin-h l)c'l()\\ an\ nl'thc' known races of man 

 m the ea|)acit\ ol his l)iain easi'. It has Ih'i'ii estimated that his jjiain did not 

 much exeerd ()4o um. in Nohime. 'I'his is eonsiderahl\ lowiTlhan thc' human 

 stanchu'd lor the hrain, i)ut at the same tmu' it is eonsicU'iabK ai)o\A' the 

 greatest \i>hime olanx of thi- hiuher apes. His hivid and laei' and skull were 

 also suhhiiman, each ha\ mg a eloser resemblanee to tlu' ape than to man. It 

 is possil)lr and cwn prol)al)le, aeeordmfj; to tlie eonhguratioii of the brain, 

 that Pitlu'eant hropus liad aec|nired some mode of spet'eli, primitixc no 

 doubt and yet suliieient lor purposes ol rudmu'ntar\ lommunieat ion. it is 

 likewise probabli' that Ins lilr took lorm in tribal oruanizations, and beinti 

 gregarious he had leariu'd some ol those social and eeonomie ad\antages 

 accruing Irom li\ ing in eommunit\. He ma\ haw had some crude notion ol 

 tlu- di\ ision ol labor and its compensations m sharing the results. 



PaLEOAN THKOI'L S Hl£IDELBERGENSIS A\I) HoMO N EA\ DEK I II Al.ENSIS. 



At sonu' time earl\ in tlu' Pre-Paleolithie, eertainl\ much latt'r than t he origin 

 ol Pithecanthropus ere ct us, another race ol man math' its appearance and has 

 come to be know n as Pa li'oant hropus heidelbergensis,or man ol the Heidelberg 

 Race 1 Homo heidi'Ibergensis). I lis antic|uit\ is \ariously estimated at 3-,"o,o()0 

 to 450, ()()() years. lie too has bei'ii described as the possibk' ancestor of the 

 human stock. Although he mamU-sted man\ t raitsdclinitt'l\ more human than 

 Pithecanthropus, the lU'idelbcrg man still must hn\c been a most primitu'e 

 creature. It is belie\'ed, howi-\A'r, that he made use ol crude instruments both 

 of wood and stone Irom the \ariety ol impK'nuaits lound m the neighborhood 

 ol his fossil rtaiiains. But he, like Pithecanthropus, was doomed to extinction, 

 and no traces of him are lound which indicate his sur\i\al much beyond 

 the larlier stages of the Lower Paleolithic (250,000 years ago). 



