154 



RESEARCHES ON FUNGI 



are practically reduced to nothing in the chamber, and the spores 

 had to travel at most upwards or downwards only a distance of 

 0*1 mm. By focussing and watching an individual spore in the 

 fluid, one could quickly decide whether it was falling or rising. 



The results of the tests for Psalliota campestris, Coprinus 

 jplicatilis, and Amanitopsis vaginata are given in the following 

 table, where R indicates that the spores rose in the fluid, S that 

 they sank, and RS that about equal numbers rose and sank 

 respectively : — 



Specific Gravity Determinations. 



Sp. gr. of CaCl 2 solu- 

 tions 

 Coprinus plicatilis 



Sp. gr. of CaCl, solu- 

 tions 

 Psalliota campestris 



Sp. gr. of CaCl, solu- 

 tions 

 Amanitopsis vaginata 



Sp. gr. of cane-sugar 



solutions 

 A manitopsis vagina ta 



•45 1-44 1-43 T41 



R R S iS 



1-355 1-325 



S S 



•305 



OS 



Z ?'B r 



1-43 



1-5 1-34 1-32 1-31 



R R 



S 



1-05 1-025 

 R R 



1-305 1-293 1-271-00 



S S ! S ! S 



I ! i 



1-31 



1-015 

 S(P) 



1-01 



S 



1-00 



1-02 



1-03 

 R 



1025 

 R 



1-02 

 RS 



1-015 



1-00 

 S 



1-02 



M3£d 



ffl P. o 



= •- - 5 



m 



•21 



\-2 



1-02 



1-02 



When fresh spores are placed in water they are turgid and 

 fully expanded, and present the same appearance as they have 

 when just about to be liberated from their sterigmata. However, 

 in solutions of calcium chloride the spores decrease in size. In 

 many species they become obviously deformed. The spores of 

 Psalliota campestris in a calcium chloride solution of sp. gr. 1*32 

 are indented on one side, and the spores of Coprinus plicatilis in 

 a solution of sp. gr. 1*44 have the shortest of their three axes 

 (cf. Fig. 55, A, p. 162) reduced to nearly one-half. The decrease 



