SECTION IV. 



THE ACTION OF DIFFERENT SERA UPON THE BLOOD CORPUSCLES 

 OF CERTAIN ANIMALS IN VITRO AND IN CORPORE. 



I. The Effects of Normal Haemolysins. 

 Primates. 



Human Serum, : There is no evidence that the sera of any human 

 races are haemolytic for the blood corpuscles of other races of man, 

 in proof of which we have a large experience with regard to trans- 

 fusion. Transfusion of the blood from a member of one race into that 

 of another has not been followed by any ill effects. 



Friedenthal (1900, p. 505) transfused 25 c.c. of defibrinated human 

 blood into a chimpanzee, the animal remaining healthy, its urine 

 showing no trace of haemoglobin. He also transfused 10 to 20 c.c. of 

 defibrinated human blood into Macacus sinicus and M. cynomolgus 

 without ill effects, a slight transitory haemoglobinuria being observed 

 in consequence, which was attributed to the haemoglobin in the 

 defibrinated blood injected, the blood corjDuscles contained therein 

 having undergone haemolysis. 



The effects of human serum in vitro have been studied by 

 Friedenthal, upon the blood corpuscles of other Primates, these cor- 

 puscles not being washed (see p. 34). He found the corpuscles of the 

 ( )urang-outang and Gibbon to remain unaffected, whereas the corpuscles 

 of Macacus sinicus, M. cynomolgus, Rhesus nemestrinus (Old World 

 Monkeys), Pithesciurus sciureas, and Ateles ater were haemolysed. 

 Human serum also haemolysed the corpuscles of Lemur varius. He 

 does not state that he observed any differences with regard to the rate 

 at which haemolysis took place, a matter worth noting when we 

 consider the results I have obtained with precipitins. 



In his Huxley Lecture, Welch (11, x. 1902, p. 1108) refers to an 

 unpublished investigation by H. T. Marshall (working under Ehrlich 



N. 3 



