An Index of Blood-relationshq} 37 



duwsky i'ound the lethal dose of calf serum for rabbits to be the same 

 as that of dog serum (see above, p. 34). Subcutaneously injected into 

 guinea-pigs it produced the same effects as pig serum. 



Gruber (3, Xii. 1901) dwells on the importance of concentration in 

 haemolytic experiments, stating that ox serum, even when highly 

 diluted, acts on rabbit and guinea-pig corpuscles, whilst it only acts on 

 sheep corpuscles when concentrated. This observation, we see, shows the 

 converse of what has been observed with the precipitins, which act on 

 higher dilutions of related bloods. 



Sheep Seruni was also found injurious to man in Landois' transfusion 

 experiments. According to Uhlenhuth (1897) the lethal dose per kilo 

 of rabbit is 11 c.c, Rumno and Bordoni give it at 12 c.c, Weiss at 

 20 c.c. It produces the same effects as pig serum when subcutaneously 

 injected into guinea-pigs, according to Uhlenhuth, who cites the authors 

 named. 



Goat Serum was found to exert a very slight haemolytic action or 

 no action upon the corpuscles of the sheep by Ehrlich and Morgenroth 

 (1899). 



Equine Serum : The transfusion of horse serum into man was found 

 to be injurious to man in the experiments of Landois. On the other 

 hand he found transfusions between the horse and donkey not to be 

 injurious. Friedenthal (1900, p. 503) found the sera of the horse and 

 donkey without action on the corpuscles of these species, whereas they 

 haemolysed those of man, ox, sheep, guinea-pig, and rabbit. According 

 to Morgenroth and Sachs (7, vii, 1902, p. 633) the haemolytic action 

 of horse serum varies greatly, compared to the constant haemolytic 

 power of other sera, such as those of the dog and goat. The haemolysin 

 of the horse appears to be very labile, for they often observed it to 

 be active for the corpuscles of the rabbit and guinea-pig when fresh, 

 but inactive, or but slightly active, after being kept 24 hours on ice. 

 Uhlenhuth cites Weiss as giving the lethal dose of horse serum at 44 c.c, 

 and Guinard and Dunarest at 324 c.c, for rabbits, this great variation 

 being in accord with the statement of Morgenroth and Sachs just cited. 

 Friedenthal and Lewandowsky (1899) found it necessary to inject 70 c.c. 

 of horse serum intravenously into a rabbit of 1300 g. to kill it. Uhlen- 

 huth (1897, p. 391) found horse serum not to exert effects such as 

 do the sera of man, sheep, pig, rabbit, and ox, when injected subcu- 

 taneously into guinea-pigs. (See under pig serum, p. 36.) 



