244 liprvji (1 11(1 Ihiclnifiv : 



From our observation of the prolilem wc reason from the class to- 

 the individual and not vice versa as does Miss Lee. 



We do not think, however. t?iat any medically trained man or 

 physical anthropolofrist, knowin<i: the possil)ility of error in the- 

 of the individual, would base any opinion on thi' intellectuality of 

 that individual from the mere study of his liead measurements; in 

 all cases excessively large or small figures of estimated cubic capacity 

 of brain sliould, on medical grounds alone, he regarded Avith 

 suspicion. Extremely small ones begin to border on the confines of 

 microcephalic idiocy, and the large ones quickly verge into, or arc- 

 suggestive of, hydrocephalus. Thus, a hydrocephalic individual who 

 lived to the age of "54 (a male), and wliose head was measured Ijy 

 one of us (Berry), had an estimated capacity of 3860 cc. Conversely, 

 a boy aged 14, who was measured by Professor Berry on belialf of 

 a Melbourne oculist, had an estimated cul)ic (■ai)acity of but 11(59 cc. 

 This examination, combined with the oj)tliahiiological report, played 

 ail important part in the future of the patient, whose father was 

 dissuaded by the oculist from entering his son for any of the 

 learned professions. 



Then, again, an examination of the Hgures quoted by us on page- 

 241, shows that the range of variation is so great amongst the 

 different members of the several classes as to more than warrant 

 extreme caution in passing an opinion on the individual. Indivi- 

 dually some of the criminals have a much greater cubic capacity of 

 brain than have the true means of the learned classes. It is, howevei", 

 extremely interesting to note that in one case we are. from our owil 

 knowledge, enabled to state that the criminal wlio heads tlie list 

 amongst the inebriate group, is a graduate of Oxford, and a man 

 of great and undoubted intellectuality who has attained his present 

 unfortunate position as the result of alcohol and neglected oppor- 

 tunity. The same table shows, on the other hand, that there are- 

 some individuals amongst the criminal classes who possess so few 

 lirains it, is ;i mere mockery to go on punishing them for crimes, the- 

 heinousness of which they have not the brains to realise. 



(Concerning, then, the three objects with which the present investi- 

 gation has been primarily concerned, we conclude : — 



1. That the inferior, that is the loss well educated, classes of the- 

 conuuunity. have an appi-ociably less amount of cubie capacity of 

 brain than have the more highly educated. 



2. That amongst classes thei'o is a distinctly measurable coi relation' 

 between size of head and intelligence, but that, as Peaison expresses. 

 it. " it would l)e absolutely idle to endeavour to jiredict tlu' intrllci - 

 tual ability of an individual from his or her licad mcasui-emrnts. " 



