326 .V. 7^. Jiinner: 



very nearly 1000 feet above sea level. The greater part of the pene- 

 plain consists of folded silurian sediments. Patches of basalt and 

 gravel occur near Kangaroo Grounds and Greensborough. Eesi- 

 duals or monadnocks are few in number, and therefore presum- 

 ably peneplanation was almost complete, and the then existing 

 streams were probably all nearly base levelled. This being so, the 

 present elevations of the river gravels should afford a clue in 

 determining the variation in direction and intensity of the later 

 movements cennected with the uplift of the peneplain. The uplift 

 was slow and differential in character, as is well shown by the ante- 

 cedent character of the Yarra near Warrandyte. ^' 2 Tilting of the 

 peneplain has occurred in an east and Avest direction, and also to a 

 slight extent in a north and south direction. On going north 

 toAvards Queenstown and Kinglake, the country is seen to rise 

 gradually. The east and west slope, however, is very marked, a 

 difference of over 400 feet in the elevation of the gravels occurring 

 in a distance of about five miles. Thus, near Greensborough, the 

 elevation of the gravels is about .350 feet.^ About one mile east 

 of the Diamond Creek mine, the elevation is 520 feet. At the Avest 

 edge of the Kangaroo Grounds basalt, the elevation of the graA'-els 

 is 650 feet, and near the cemetery about 750 feet. It is thus seen 

 that as A\'e go east across the area there is a progressive and 

 moderately uniform increase in elcA'ation. FoUoAving on the uplift 

 a neAv cycle of stream activity Avas initiated, Avith the result that 

 the peneplain has been rather deeply dissected, although at the 

 same time dissection is far from being matured. The area is 

 moderately hilly, numerous gullies and small streams abound, and 

 the dift'erences in elevation betAveen these Avater courses and the hills 

 are generally from 150 to 300 feet. The Plenty and Yarra Rivers 

 have been described by Jutson, as has been above noted. The 

 Diamond Creek, Avithin the limits of the area, is in a fairly matured 

 state. Fairly Avide alluvial flats occur, and the creek meanders 

 through these from side to side. The material constituting the 

 flood plain is generally fine sand, and no coarse gra\^els occur, in- 

 dicating that former stream velocities could only have been 

 moderate. Residuals in the peneplain are few, and the main ones 

 have been mentioned l)y Jutson. No physiographic evidence of 

 faulting occurs in the area, although not far to the east, near Yaira 

 Glen, such faulting has l)een described by Jutson.'' 



1 J. \V. Gregory, Geograpli.v of \ ictoiia, p. IOC, 107. 



2 Jutson. b, p. 485. 



;) Note all plevations are ariei-oi<l reading's. 

 i 1), p. HYL 

 r> 1), p. 478. 



