P}i!jsio<jrai>li;i of the Manstidd District. 395 



'(e) Soiif/i lihir Roinji'. — Tliduuli lint hi^^l), this faii^'f prcsciiis a 

 barrier between MaiisJield uixl the rouulry to the sdutli. The gapis 

 utilised for roads are where tlie Dehitite and Kord's Creek ctit 

 throu<^h the rid<.^e. There is another gap ealled Moidvey (jully, 

 apparently formed l)y the etittin;^' haek of two streams, Init this is 

 not mucli used. The determining feature of this range is a series 

 ■of quartzite beds usually dipping at a high angle. Massive con- 

 glomerates also occur at " The Cliffs " and " The Caves," and tliree 

 of the highest peaks are due to the presence of plutonic rocks. In 

 its lower parts, the range is composed of a series of hogbacks. It 

 is further interesting, physiographically, as the southern boundary 

 of the Mansfield .senkungsfeld. Intense slickensidi's. with abundant. 

 well-polished surfaces, have Ijeen traced for IT) miles along tlie 

 j-ange. 



(/) Cave Hill. etc. — An interesting knot of hills occurs south 

 of Mansfield in the S. Blue range; the cliief points may be noted as 

 follows : — Cave Hill : Largely porphyry, witli level Battery sand- 

 stone above. Monkey Hill : A eentrocline of red sandstone, the 

 beds dripping inwards in all directions at about 45 deg. The Look- 

 out and Porphyry Peak, dominant points in the range, are of quartz- 

 porphyry. 



((,/) The yV/As-.— These twin hills, over 2(l()() ft. higli, rise ijuite 

 suddenly from the flats to north and east. The rock throughout 

 is quite uniformly of silurian slates. The physiography on the 

 east is less mature than on the west, and with further knowledge of 

 the surrounding physiography these hills will probably be found 

 very significant. 



(h) The Darlingford Hills. — These are of silurian slates, and 

 are typically of the Sugarloaf type; somewhat conical. This is 

 apparently due to the occurrence of more resistant vertical beds, 

 combined with valleys cutting across the strike. The hard beds 

 which have determined the hills may be noted outcropping even 

 from a long distance. 



(i) Mf. Butler. — About 25 miles eastward from Mansfield, one of 

 the most important knots in Victoria culminates in the pinnacle of 

 Mt. Buller (5911 ft.). Although Buller is the highest peak of this 

 knot, Mt. Howitt (5715 ft.) is more important physiographically. 

 (See H in Fig. 5.) To the west and east of Bidler occur areas of 

 purple sandstones, these presumably having been denuded away 

 from the intervening area. Their absence is, however, of long 

 standing, dating back prior to the older basalt flows! (Fig. 8.) 

 The older basalt, which occurs on Mount Btdler, preserves one of the 



