Tertiary Fossils. 245 



'This deposit can be referred to the Werrikooian, as it is geologi- 

 •cally comijarable with the Gleiielg upraised marine beds. It also 

 -occurs in the upper part of the Croydon Boi-e, near Adelaide, to 

 about 400 feet. One of the connuone.st fossils in this l>ed is Orbi- 

 tolites coinploiiatu . This foraniinifer is now living on the Aus- 

 traiiac coast, but at lower latitudes. For example, on the west 

 coasc, at Shark's Bay (lat. 25' S.), and on the east coast at the 

 Barrier Reef (from about lat. 23'S.). The occurrence of Orhito- 

 litts at the higher latitude of 32'^S. denotes a wai'mer climate in 

 Werrikooian and Older Pleistocene times. During the Wceri- 

 kooian a number of the m,olluscan species became extinct, whilst 

 others, along' with Orbifohfes, persisted. 



In the next period, the Older Pleistocene, the bed of shells and 

 foraminifera emerged from the sea, and was raised to a height of 

 about 381 feet between that time and the present; it is found 

 to-day overlying the Janjukian limestones at the Ooldea Soak. 100 

 miles inland. Upon the present coast line, in late Pleistocene 

 times there was laid down an ordinary beach deposit with shells, 

 and this is now found forming ledges and raised beaches at pro- 

 tected places along the southern coast, denoting the continuance 

 of the uplift along the shores of the Great Bight even to the 

 present time. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 



Platk XVI. 



Fig. 1. — OrbiceUa fasmatiicnsis. Duncan sp. Miocene (Janjukian), 

 From surface of Salt Lake, W. of Ooldea, South Aus- 

 tralia. Circ. nat. size. 

 ,, 2. — Fragment of Raised Beach, of Older Pleistocene age; 

 showing Pinna iiiermis, Tate (shell at base), BulJaria 

 bofanica, Hedley, and Bitfium cerithium, Q. and G. sp. 

 Ooldea district. South Australia. Three-fifths nat. size. 



Plate XVII. 



Pig. 1. — Cutting with fossiliferous Tertiary limestone (Miocene); 

 half mile east of Watson. 

 ,, 2. — Blowhole in Miocene limestone, near Ooldea. (Plmto- 

 graphs on this plate by Mr. F. A. Cudmore.) 



13a 



