Mr. P. L. Sclater on the Neotropical Pipits. 357 



I may state that my remarks are based mainly upon the 

 specimens in my own collection (which are 33 in number, 

 and embrace examples of all the species recognized in this 

 paper), and on those in the collection of Messrs. Salvin and 

 Godman. 



But I have also examined the specimens in the Jardin des 

 Plantes at Paris ; and I have much to thank M. Taczanowski 

 (of Warsaw), Hr. von Pelzeln (of Vienna), Mr. J, A. Allen 

 (of Cambridge, Mass.), and Prof. Baird (of Washington) for 

 the valuable assistance they have rendered me by the loan of 

 specimens from the several collections under their charge 

 respectively. 



We will first clear off the Nearctic Pipits by saying that 

 only two birds of this group are as yet known to be found 

 within that region, namely Anthus ludovicianus and Neocorys 

 spraguii*. Of these only Anthus ludovicianus intrudes into the 

 Neotropical Region, extending as far south as Guatemala f- 



Besides Anthus ludovicianus, I am able to recognize only 

 six distinct species of Neotropical Anthi, which I now pro- 

 ceed to discuss as follows : — 



1, Anthus bogotensis. 



Anthus rufescens, Lafr. et D^Orb. Syn. p. 27; D^Orb. Voy. 

 p. 226 (nee A. rufescens, Temm.). 



Anthus bogotensis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1855, p. 109, pi. 101, et 

 p. 144, 1858, p. 550, et Cat. A. B. p. 24; Baird, Rev. A. B. 

 p. 157; Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 780 (Merida) ; Tacz. 

 P.Z. S. 1874, p. 509 (Peru) ; Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 322 (pa- 

 ramo of Pamplona) . 



This is a very well-marked and unmistakable species, dis- 

 tinguished at once from its congeners by its dark rufous 

 colour above, variegated with black, by the uniform cinna- 

 momeous rufous below, with only a few stripes on the breast 

 and fore neck, and especially by the " wing-end " being 

 formed by five primaries instead of four, the fifth primary 



* The Ymi-qt^qsm Anthus pratensis has occurred accidentally in Green- 

 land, and at Norton Sound, Alaska. Cf. Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, 

 'North American Birds,' i. p. 173, 



t Salvin, ' Ibis,' 1859, p. 9. 



