378 Mr. W. C. Tait on the Birds of Portugal. 



188. Clangula glaucion (Linn.). 



In the Lisbon Museum there is a specimen of the Golden- 

 eye from the Ribatejo. 



189. CEdemia nigra (Linn.). "Negra/-" Povoa de Var- 

 zim^ Oporto, Esmoriz; "Negrolla,'^ Coimbra Museum. 



The Scoter is very abundant in winter on the sea off the 

 coast, appearing at the end of August and remaining till 

 March or April. Immense flocks are to be seen near La- 

 vados, at the south side of the entrance to the Douro. The 

 tail-feathers are often much frayed, probably from striking 

 on the sand or stones at the bottom of the sea when tearing 

 off shell-fish or when turning to rise to the surface. 



190. Mergus serrator, Linn. " Serzeta/^ Murtoza. 

 The Red-breasted Merganser is occasionally offered for 



sale in the streets of Oporto in December, January, and 

 February. 



191. CoLUMBA PALUMBUS, Linn. "^Pombo torquaz.'^ 

 Some Ring Doves are resident, as, for instance, at Arcos 



de Val de Vez, where they breed, but the majority are winter 

 visitors. Near the mouth of the Douro they pass south- 

 wards from the middle of October to the beginning or middle 

 of December, preferring an east wind for their journey. In 

 winter very large flocks frequent the evergreen oaks in the 

 Beira baixa and Alemtejo to feed on the acorns. At Castello 

 branco I was told that at Penamacor they were doing so 

 much damage in the oak-Avoods by eating the acorns which 

 should have fattened the droves of pigs, that men were sent 

 with guns and rockets to drive them away. 



192. CoLUMBA CENAS, LiuU. 



A few specimens of the Stock Dove offered for sale in the 

 Lisbon market have supplied the Lisbon and Coimbra 

 Museums. 



193. CoLUMBA LiviA, Bonuat. " Pombo bravo." 

 Resident. I have found the Rock Dove nesting at the fine 



gorge at Cachao da Baleira, River Douro, just below S. Joao 

 da Pesqueira, also at Cape Carvoeiro and Berlenga Island. 



