66 Mr. A. Chapman's Rough Notes 



the earlier), and necessarily identical in membership insofar 

 as can be the case Avhere a greater includes a lesser, the 

 Nuttall Club, at a meeting held October 1, voted to dis- 

 continue its ' Bulletin ' with the close of the present volume', 

 and to offer to the American Ornithologists' Union its good- 

 will and subscription-list — to place the ' Bulletin ' in the 

 hands of the Council of the Union, with its traditions and 

 prestige, with the tacit understanding that the new serial of 

 the Union shall be ostensibly a second series of the Nuttall 

 * Bulletin/ It is therefore to be hoped and expected that 

 the many friends of the ' Bulletin ' who have hitherto given 

 it such hearty support will extend their allegiance to the new 

 publication of the Union, freely contribute their observations 

 to its pages, and use their influence to extend its usefulness." 



IX. — Rough Notes on Spanish Ornithology. 

 By Abel Chapman. 



(Plate IV.) 



The following rough notes on Spanish ornithology are the 

 result of observations extending over a period of some four- 

 teen or fifteen months, at different times, in the Peninsula. 

 They refer chiefly to Andalucia, where I spent two springs, 

 and which province, from its geographical position between 

 Europe and Africa, as well as from the richness and great 

 variety of its natural features, is probably unsurpassed as 

 regards its avifauna by any similar extent of ground in 

 Europe. 



I find the work of Spanish ornithology already so far 

 advanced by Lord Lilford, Mr. Howard Saunders, and Col. 

 Irby that, at least so far as the enumeration of native species 

 goes, there remains little to be desired. Mr. Saunders (Ibis, 

 1871, p. 54etseg.) and Col. Irby (Orn. Straits of Gibr.) have 

 compiled accurate and comprehensive lists of the birds of 

 Southern Spain, which, according to my observations, com- 

 prise all or nearly all those species which can be considered 

 either indigenous or migratory to that country. No 



