on Spanish Ornithology . 99 



our common British Laridse and many of the Anatidae 

 Wigeon, in particular^ were very numerous from October to 

 March, and not being much molested at " flight '^ time, came 

 in from the sea much earlier and more regularly than is their 

 wont at home, where every Zo^/era-covered estuary is, at 

 night, "■ horrid '^ with guns. 



During the autumnal passage the following species were 

 obtained on the coast of Portugal : — 



Numenius arquatus and N.phaopus. The former remained 

 throughout the winter ; but the Whimbrels went on further 

 south. 



Limosa rufa, Totanus canescens, T. hypoleucus, and Tringa 

 canutus. All abundant on passage ; but none obtained after 

 September. All immature. 



jEgialitis hiaticula, Tringa maritima, T. cinclus, and Strep- 

 silas interpres. These also arrived in September; but many 

 remained throughout the winter. 



May 31st. At Tangier, M. Olcese showed me a clutch of 

 five eggs unknown to him, and which were certainly those of 

 the Missel-Thrush. I also obtained from him a beautiful 

 adult Lanner Falcon — the only dollar, by the way, I in- 

 vested in collector's skins. 



This concludes my ornithological record. It is, I fear, 

 very imperfect and very unskillf ully put together ; but I 

 have a certain confidence in my facts, for I spared no pains 

 or trouble to ascertain what I have written. Spending weeks 

 at a time in the wildernesses and sierras of Spain, camping 

 out in the open wherever night overtook me, and, my own 

 affinities being decidedly " raptorial,'^ I have myself shot most 

 of the birds herein enumerated, from the Tomtit to the 

 Golden Eagle, 



In conclusion I wish to acknowledge my obligation to the 

 owners of the Goto de Donana for so kindly placing their noble 

 domain and army of keepers at my disposal; and last, not 

 least, to express my deep and lasting gratitude to those kind 

 friends, both in Sjiain and Portugal, at whose hands I have 

 been the recipient of such untiring assistance and abounding 

 hospitality. 



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