308 M. Menzbiev on the Birds of European 



Aquila pennata and Aquila minuta. 



I think that Aquila pennata is distinct from Aquila minuta, 

 with which it_, however^ regularly interbreeds. 



The Booted Eagles are not iincommon in Southern- Russia, 

 but are very local in the central part of that country. 



According to ]Mr. Kaplick they are found in the district 

 of Tikhrin (in the Government of Novgorod) . I once found 

 the Booted Eagle in the Government of Tula. Mr. Severtzov 

 informs me that, on the authority of Mr. Bakunin, this 

 bird was probably observed in the Government of Kazan^ 

 near the limit of the district of Bugulma. According to 

 Mr. Sabaueev they are found in the Ural Mountains south 

 of lat 57°. They probably breed in the wooded parts of the 

 country between the Volga and the Ural rivers, and doubt- 

 less also in the Governments of Voronesh, Kharkov, Kiev, 

 Podolsk, and Volhynia, where they are not uncommon. Mr. 

 Taczanovsky records these birds as being rare in Poland. 

 In the south of Russia Booted Eagles have been observed in 

 the wooded districts of the steppes of the Black Sea, as well 

 as in the Crimea, and doubtless breed in both localities. 



Mr. Karelin has obtained this species near Guriev at the 

 end of August (old style), probably on autumn migration. 

 It is common on spring and autumn migration in the Crimea, 

 especially in the autumn. 



Haliaetus albicilla. 



The White-tailed Eagle is a more or less common breeding 

 bird throughout the whole of Russia, with the exception of 

 the central governments, where it is very rare. The northern 

 examples of this bird migrate south during the autumn to 

 Southern Russia, where they meet with the resident birds of 

 the latter country, and consequently the White-tailed Eagle 

 is very common during the winter in Southern Russia. It 

 is not uncommon also during the winter in Western and 

 South-eastern Russia, but is very rare more to the north. 



Haliaetus leucoryphus. 



Pallas's Sea-Eagle is doubtless found in South-eastern 



