312 M. Menzbier on the Birds of European 



togetlier with the Red Kite, but is very rare in some districts 

 of that country. In the Baltic provinces it nests in the 

 eastern part of Livonia, and is a rare breeding bird in Cour- 

 land ; but it is only occasionally found throughout the other 

 parts of the country, where the Red Kite is more common. 

 In Poland, according to Mr. Taczanovsky, the Black Kite is 

 more common east of the A^istula, and the Red Kite, on the 

 contrary, is more common west of that river. More to the 

 souths in South-western Russia, and near the northern coast 

 of the Black Sea, the bird generally is common, but in tlie 

 Crimea it is found only on migration. 



MiLVUS GOVINDA. 



Since the publication of my ^ Ornithological Geography ' I 

 have seen a very typical specimen of Milvus yovinda from the 

 Sercbrianka river (in the Government of Perm), and we shall 

 probably be obliged to enlarge the breeding-range of this 

 Kite as far w^est as the western slopes of the Ural Mountains. 

 This bird has been found throughout the whole country from 

 Semirechje to the last-mentioned mountains. 



On migration Milvus govinda has been obtained several 

 times by Mr. Alleon on the Balkan peninsula. 



Milvus gi.aucopus. 



The Blue-footed Kite was discovered by Eversmann. In 

 colouring and dimensions it is a very near relative of Milvus 

 govinda, from which it can be easily distinguished by having 

 blue feet and a blue cere. Mr. Severtzov supposes it is an 

 atavistic form of Milvus yovinda. 



We know at present of but very few specimens of this bird, 

 obtained in the Government of Orenburg, in Ust-Urt, and 

 about the Lake Zaysan. 



ASTUR PALUMBARIUS. 



The Goshawk is distributed throughout almost the whole 

 of Russia, from the limit of forest-growth in the north to the 

 Black Sea, the Caucasus, and the Caspian Sea in the south. 

 Generally it is nowhere very common ; but in the central and 

 northern governments it is more common than in the other 



