314 M. Mcnzljier on the Birds of European 



migrate southwards daring the autumn ; those from Middle 

 llussia arc only partially migratory, a few remaining there 

 throughout the whole winter ; and in Southern Russia the 

 bird is rare during the summer, and is more common on 

 migration and in the winter. 



Generally the Sparrow-Hawk is more common everywhere 

 than the Goshawk, and is very common in some parts of 

 Central Russia. According to Mr. Shatilov it is resident in 

 the Crimea. 



Strigiceps cyaneus. 



The Hen-Harrier is distributed throughout the whole of 

 Russia as far north as lat. 68° and 69°^ but is very rare 

 near its northern breeding-limit, and is more common only 

 south of lat. 62°. This bird is very common in Central and 

 Southern Russia. 



In the steppes near the Lower Ural river, the Lower Volga, 

 in the steppes of New Russia, and in the Crimea, the Hen- 

 Harrier is found during the whole winter. 



Strigiceps pallidus. 



The Pallid Harrier breeds only throughout the southern 

 parts of Russia, but as an irregular straggler it is found 

 further north. According to Mr. Sabaneev, it is found in 

 the steppes south of Ekaterinburg ; and Mr. Pleske informs 

 me that this bird is common in the district of Orenburg. 

 On the authority of Mr. Karelin it is found in the steppes 

 near the Ural river, and by Mr. Bogdanov it was observed in 

 the district of Balashev (in the Government of Saratov), in 

 the Government of Stavropol, and in the valleys of the Terek 

 and Kuban. It is not uncommon in tlie Government of 

 Voronesh, is found in the Government of Kiev and near the 

 border of the Government of Kherson, and breeds throughout 

 all the steppes of the Black Sea. According to Mr. Schatilov 

 it occurs in the Crimea; and Mr. Henke tells us that a few 

 specimens of this species are found all the year round at 

 Astrakhan. At the end of summer I have several times ob- 

 tained young specimens of the Pallid Harrier in the Govern- 

 ments of Orel and Tula, and Mr. Lorenz has furnished me with 



