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nearly vertical. In general direction it lies nearly north an. I south, ap- 

 proximately parallel to the present channel and is of unknown depth. It 

 is filled with sand, gravel, clay and bowlders, with remains of leaves and 

 sticks here and there. It is believed to have been rather a new channel 

 when filled since the upper edges of its vertical walls were not worn down 

 and rounded. It may have been, and probably this part of it was, eroded 

 during an interglacial period. There is a much narrower channel at a 

 shorter distance on the east side of the present river channel as exposed 

 by the deepening of Main street leading westward from town. 



A feature little, if at all, reported in Indiana, so far as the writer has 

 observed, is that of great " pot holes " or " glacial jugs " or " giant kettles." 



A few years since Mr. Starr, the proprietor of the gas works, called me 

 over to see one of these where he was excavating in the solid rock for a 

 very large cistern. 



In one of the walls was a section of the "jug." It was some ten feet in 

 diameter and about the same depth was exposed, though it extended deep- 

 er than the cistern. It was filled with clean sand and gravel beautifully 

 assorted and stratified and near the lowest part exposed were bowlders 

 two feet in diameter finely smoothed and rounded. The walls of this pot 

 hole, which was much the shape of a great jus-, w r ere as smooth and pol- 

 ished inside as if the sand and gravel, with the pouring in of a torrent, 

 had been on the whirl for a century. A few years later and about twelve 

 rods from the same place, the city, while cutting into the south wall of 

 Main street near the present river channel in order to widen and straighten 

 the street, struck another jug. This last one was more funnel shaped, but 

 had its sand worn bowlders and smooth sides as in the first. 



Though not at the southern limit of glaciers in Indiana we are in the 

 line of a terminal morain as indicated by bowlders and till. These pot- 

 holes may be the result of the glacier having been stationary or nearly so 

 for a length of time. 



As a further phenomenon, lately the matter brought to light by a recent 

 railroad cut, and somewhat in the same connection, may be mentioned a 

 line of masses of Clinton limestone which some have supposed to be out- 

 liers in situ. These are about two miles southwest from the central part 

 of Richmond and within five minutes walk of Earlham college. 



Eecent facts seem to indicate that these masses, jutting out here and 

 there for more than three hundred yards, instead of being outliers and in 

 their original place, are really masses of rock moved on for miles by the 



