93 



upper surface of the other wing cover, producing the familiar, so called 

 "katydid" sound. Each of the different species makes a distinct call or 

 note of its own, and mauy of them have two calls, one which they use by 

 night and the other by day. Any one who will pay close] attention to 

 these different calls can soon learn to distinguish each species by its note 

 as readily as the ornithologist can recognize different species of birds in 

 the same manner. The ear of these insects, when present, is also similar 

 in structure and position to that of the cricket's, being an oblong or oval 

 cavity covered with a transparent or whitish membrane, and situated near 

 the basal end of the front tibiae. 



The young of Locustidse, like those of the other families of the order, 

 when hatched from the egg resemble the adults in form but are wholly 

 wingless. As they increase in size they moult or shed the skin five times, 

 the wings each time becoming more apparent, until after the fifth moult 

 when they appear fully developed, and the insect is mature, or lull grown, 

 never increasing in size thereafter. Throughout their entire lives they 

 are active, greedy feeders, mostly herbivorous in habit ; and where pres- 

 ent in numbers necessarily do much harm to growing vegetation. 



Among the families of Orthoptera the Locustidse take a rank .second only 

 to the Gryllidie. The high specialization of the ovipositor of the female 

 and the perfection of structure of the stridulating organ of the male place 

 these two families above all others in the scale of Orthopteron life. That 

 the two are very closely related can be readily seen by any one who will 

 carefully compare them, organ with organ. The Gryllidie are placed first, 

 however, by most entomologists, as the great variety of form of almost 

 any given organ among them, when compared with its relative uniformity 

 of structure among the Locustidse, seems to indicate the higher rank of the 

 former." 



In the number of species in any given locality the Locustidse far outrank 

 the Gryllidie, being excelled in this respect among the other Orthopteron 

 families only by the Acrididie or locusts. In Indiana thirty-nine species 

 of Locustidse are known to occur and are listed in the present paper, speci- 

 mens of all being in my private collection. This is eleven more than are 

 known in any other state from which lists have been published ; McNeill 

 having listed twenty-seven from Illinois; Smith, twenty- eight from New 

 Jersey ; Odborne, twenty- four from Iowa, and Fernald sixteen from all New 

 England. 



Scudder, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XII , jstis, 2:.:;. 



