CHARLES DAEWDf. 115 



thirty years, the result beiuj:;: tlie publication, in the autumn of 

 1872, of his boolj; on the 'Expression of the Emotions in Men 

 and Animals.' In the summer of 1860 he first notices that the 

 leaves of the sundew {Drosera) entrap insects, and for fifteen years, 

 whenever he has leisure, he pursues his experiments, completing 

 his book on 'Insectivorous Plants' in 1875. In 1865 he 

 commences to make experiments on cross- and self-fertilisation, 

 publishing his book on the ' Effects of Cross- and Self-Fertilisation 

 in the Vegetable Kingdom' in 1876. In the same year his work 

 on ' The Ditferent Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same 

 Species' appears (second edition, 1880), this being a re-publication, 

 with additions and corrections, of several papers originally pub- 

 lished in the 'Journal of the Linnean Society.' In 1880 he 

 completes, with the assistance of his son Francis, a book on ' The 

 Power of Movement in Plants,' which he speaks of as " a tough 

 piece of work." And, finally, in 1881, he works up a short paper, 

 read before the Geological Society more than forty years before, 

 into a book on ' The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the 

 Action of Worms.' Any one of these works would have made 

 the scientific reputation of any other man. 



During all this time Darwin is contributing papers to various 

 scientific societies and to scientific journals, and during all this 

 time, — at least during the last forty years of his life,— he never 

 knew one day of the health of ordinary men, his life being one 

 long struggle against the weariness and strain of sickness. 



On the 13th of December, 1881, not many days after the publi- 

 cation of his last book, he is seized with an attack at the heart ; 

 towards the end of February in the following year such attacks 

 become frequent and more severe ; and on the 19th of April he 

 passed away, in the 74th year of his age, having worked up to the 

 last, for, only two days before his death, he recorded the progress 

 of an experiment in which his son Francis was engaged. 



It was the wish of his family that he should be buried at Down, 

 but they gave way to the wish of the nation, expressed in a letter 

 to the Dean of Westminster signed by twenty members of 

 Parliament, and the funeral took place on the 26th of April in 

 Westminster Abbey, 



The grave of Charles Darwin, the Newton of Biology, is a few 

 feet from that of the Newton of Astronomy, and the tablet bears 

 the following simple inscription : — 



Charles Robert Darwiiv, 



Born 12 February, 1809. 



Died 19 April, 1882. 



