III-GOLDFISH BREEDING ESTABLISHMENTS. AND THEIR 

 GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND MANAGEMENT 



Goldfish Farms 



IIIR cultixation of goldfish in Japan is conducted in open-air ponds, not in aquaria. 

 troughs, or tubs within doors as is often the case with goldfish fanciers in America. 

 The goldfish farms are necessarily much alike and are conducted in the same general 

 way, the principal ditTerences being those dependent on the magnitude of the 

 'operations. The number and size of the ponds vary considerably; some breeders 

 have (inly a few ponds of small area, otheis ha\e numerous ponds with a very 

 large aggregate area. There are, howe\er, dififerences in the pond systems occasioned by local 

 conditions, by individual or regional practices, and by the particular \arieties to which most atten- 

 tion is given: and clifi^erent methods of culture are required for the different kinds of fish. 



The proprietors of the farms have their residence in close proximity to the ponds, often sur- 

 rounded b}- them; and they carry on a large part of the practical work in rooms in which they and 

 their families li\e. There is no such thing as a goldfish hatchery in the sense of a special building 

 devoted to the purpose. 



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