Ten varieties of goldfish are now known and cultivated in Japan. Their Japanese names, 

 which are most appropriate and distinctive, are in general preferable to the cumbersome and less 

 expressive American names, and will he used in this work. These, with their literal equivalents in 

 our language, are as follows : 



W'akin. or Japanese goldfish. 



Ryukin. or Liukiu goldfish. 



Ranchu, or Dutch goldfish. Also called Maruko, or round fish, and Shishigashira, or lion-head. 



Oranda shishigashira, or Dutch lion-head. 



Demekin, or protruding-eyed goldfish. 



Deme-ranchu, or protruding-eyed ranchu. 



W'atonai. or newly found variety. 



Shukin, or autumn brocade goldfish. 



Shubunkin, or vermilion variegated goldfish. 



Kinranshi. or brocaded goldfish. 



The immediate origin of the more primitive varieties can not be stated, being lost in obscurity, 

 but the genealogy or pedigree of six of the foregoing is well known. The origin and relationships 

 of the varieties may be represented in the form of a '"family tree," as shown on the following page: 



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