GEOLOGICAL PAPERS. 153 



no exposures occur till a point one mile east and one-fourth mile 

 north is reached, where the closest quarry to Emporia is situated, in 

 the southeast quarter of section 11. This quarry has been in opera- 

 tion three years, and has produced about 1000 cords of stone. At 

 this quarry the cap rock is seven to eight inches thick and is very 

 rough on the lower side. A seam of buff clay separates this from the 

 main stratum, which is twenty-six inches in thickness. Along the 

 margin of the outcrop a bottom layer five inches thick separates 

 readily from the main ledge, but after working the quarry back twenty 

 feet or more they are found to adhere together in a solid stratum. 

 Parallel seams from six to eight feet apart extend through the stone 

 in a general course north fifty-five degrees east, while irregular trans- 

 verse seams intersect these at approximately right angles, cutting the 

 surface of the stone into rough parallelograms. A heavy bed of 

 gravel overlays the stone in this quarry and adds materially to the 

 cost of stripping. 



The blue limestone is next seen in the Neosho river at Rinker's 

 bridge. From there the stone is covered to a point two miles east, 

 where a quarry is located. From this quarry southeast three 

 miles the country is hilly, and the outcrop may be traced readily 

 around the hills four miles. Thence it extends in a general course 

 north fifteen degrees east along the slopes on the west of Badger 

 creek five and one-half miles, to the south line of section 13, township 

 18, range 12. From this point there is a long extension of the out- 

 crop southward four miles, with an outlier on the top of Wooster 

 mound, one mile beyond. 



The formation leaves Lyon county and enters Osage in section 22, 

 township 18, range 13, and reenters near the northeast corner of the 

 same section, and, bearing northwesterly, flanks the hills at the head of 

 Duck creek, and returns to a point one and one-half miles northwest 

 of Reading, where it has been extensively quarried. Other quarries 

 are located on the west lines of sections 21 and 29, township 17, range 13. 



The outcrop is very prominent on both sides of Marais des Cygnes 

 river, and may readily be traced along the west side of the valley of 

 Elm creek to Miller station, where it creates a waterfall in that stream 

 «t a ford one-fourth mile west of the depot. It leaves the county at 

 points from three to five mjles southeast of Miller, and reenters far- 

 ther north on Salt creek, about twenty feet above the water, and ex- 

 tends up that stream a mile. I have identified this formation as far 



uth as Eureka, in Greenwood county, and north to a point in Osage 

 county two miles east of Harveyville. 



The accompanying map, plate XXIII, shows the line of outcrop of 

 the Reading blue limestone, together with other formations in Lyon 

 county. 



