344 KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



bolic face-painting and tattooing to the art of the old masters in Italy, 

 who made the art of our civilization. 



These brief studies will suffice for our purpose — the presentation, 

 in a necessarily limited way and imperfect manner, of some of the 

 evidences of the dawn of culture and of the beginnings of the indus- 

 trial and artistic life of humanity. The investigation could be ex- 

 tended into every branch of human activity, but these illustrations 

 will suffice to show our debt to that first man, who, after the psychic 

 emergence, began to prepare the w^ay for his wonder-working descend- 

 ant, modern man. As we are undoubtedly the physical heirs of primi- 

 tive man, so we are in a broad sense his cultural heirs ; his institutions, 

 his discoveries of the simple secrets of nature, we have inherited, 

 and on them have builded our boasted civilization. Considering his 

 meager equipment in mental and manual ability, we cannot but 

 wonder that he did as well as he did. As we boast of our greatness 

 in art and civilization, let us not forget our debt to primeval man, who 

 first invented the modification of natural products to adapt them to 

 his wants. All honor to that ancient man, clad in skins, armed only 

 with a club, a cobblestone, and a flint chip, who first invented manual 

 skill, and thereby laid the foundations of civilization, and made life 

 for us possible ! 



