VI 



CONTENTS. 



Mode of depositing eggs 

 Beetles .... 

 Tiie Burying-Beetle . 

 The Dung-Beetle 

 Its cleanliness 

 The Rose-Chafer. 

 The Tumble-dung Beetle 

 The Necklace-Beetle. 



Page 

 215 

 , 216 

 , 216 

 218 

 , 219 

 , 220 

 . 220 

 . 221 



CHAPTER XIV. 



Architecture of Ants. . . .222 

 Their genuine history begun by 



Gould. ..."... 222 



Mason-Ants 223 



Structures of Turf-Ants. . .223 



Winter nest of Yellow Ants. • 224 



Sort of earth employed in building 225 



Proceedings of the Brown Ants , 226 



Raft formed by American Ants . 227 



Blind Ants ." 228 



Night proceedings of Ants . . 229 



Proceedings during rain . . . 229 



Experiments 229 



History of a labouring Ant, by 



M. Huber 283 



Glazed Artificial Formicaries . 236 



Section of a ]Mason- Ant's nest . 236 



Experiments by J. R. . . . 236 



CHAPTER XV. 



Structures of the Wood-Ants, or 



Pismires 238 



Materials employed .... 238 

 Coping of their nest .... 239 

 Interior structure .... 240 

 Glazed Formicary for experiments 241 

 Their proceedings at nightfall . 241 



Carpenter-Ants 243 



Emmets, or Jet-Ants . , . 244 

 Their galleries in trees . , •. 244 

 Extremely populous colony at 



Brockley 246 



Dusky Ants 247 



Foreign Ants 247 



Sugar- Ants of the West Indies . 250 



CHAPTER XVI. 



Structures of White Ants, or Ter- 

 mites 251 



Their extraordinary comparative 

 height 251 



Their mining operations . 

 The Warrior {Termes Bellicosus). 



Used as delicate food 



Commencement of their nests 



Royal chamber . . . . , 



Nurseries 



Galleries and covered ways . 

 Turret-building White Ants . 



Singular form of their nests. 

 White Ants of trees and timber . 



Death-Watch .... 



Page 

 252 

 254 

 255 

 255 

 257 

 259 

 260 

 263 

 263 

 264 

 266 



CHAPTER XVII, 



Spinning-Caterpillars . . . 267 



Manifold advantages of spinning. 267 



Structure of their legs and feet . 268 



Side spiracles for breathing . . 268 



Internal structure .... 269 



Structure of the silk-tube . . 269 

 Mode of Spinning described by La 



Pluche 270 



Silk- Worms . . . . . .273 



Their transformations . . . 273 

 How they make their exit from 



the cocoons 276 



Parts used in our manufactures . 277 

 History of the introduction of 



silk 277 



Varieties and species of silk- 

 worms 279 



Emperor-Moth 279 



Ingenious contrivance of the co- 

 coon 280 



Spinning-Caterpillars continued . 281 

 Elastic cocoon of Tortrix chlorana 281 

 Slender covering of the Gipsy- 

 Moth 282 



Cocoon of the Cream-spot Tiger- 



Moth 283 



Experiment with the Dock- 



Weevil 283 



Nest of Puss-!Moth, with cocoons 



of Ichneumons .... 283 



Cocoon of the Horned IVIason-Bee 284 

 Experiment with Eriogaster 



lanestris 285 



Social Spinning-Caterpillars , . 286 

 Winter nest of the Brown -tail 



Moth 287 



Winter nests of the Golden-tail 



Moth 286 



