43 



per barrel. The magnitude of the building-stone industry which has 

 gi-own as a result of geological investigations, has raised Indiana to the 

 first rank in the States of the Union in the output of limestone for build- 

 ing purposes, as shown by the following statistics: The quantity mined 

 in 1901 was 7,781,320 cubic feet. Five vState capitol buildings, namely, 

 those of Indiana, Illinois, Georgia, New Jersey and Kansas, have been con- 

 structed wholly or partly from it. Numerous custom houses and public 

 buildings of the United States have also been made of this stone, and 

 twenty-seven court houses in the State of Indiana are built of it. Mr. 

 Blatchley has also taken up again the study of the coal fields of the 

 State, as little has been done in that line since the time of Professor 

 Cox, and the output of coal in Indiana has almost doubled in the last few 

 years, amounting in 1901 to 7,019,203 tons. In conjunction with chem- 

 istry the Geological Survey of the State has also developed the resources 

 for the manufacture of marl and cement. As a result of these investiga- 

 tions a large output of cement similar to that known as Portland is now 

 credited to Indiana. It is estimated that the output of this cement for 

 1902 will be fully equal to 000,000 barrels. The adaptability of the oolitic 

 and other limestones of Indiana as suitable material to be used in the 

 manufacture of cement has been described, and, as a result of this, fac- 

 tories have already been able to make use of these materials. It has been 

 shown that Indiana has the raw materials to supply not only the United 

 States, but the whole world with a first-class article of cement for hun- 

 dreds of years to come. The mineral waters of our State are justly cele- 

 brated for their medicinal and curative properties, and their development 

 is the joint work of geology and chemistry. There are now known in 

 the different parts of the State eighty-six wells and springs whose waters 

 are valued for therapeutic purposes. The natural gas industry has also 

 added hundreds of millions of dollars to the development of the State, and 

 this development is largely associated with the work of the Geological 

 Survey. It is hard in so brief a time to do anything like justice to what 

 geology as a science has done for the industries, and also to recognize the 

 services of the distinguished men who have been connected with this 

 work. It is enough for our purpose hero to call attention to the leading 

 characters of the work done by geologists in the development of our in- 

 dustries. 



The contributions made by botany, entomology and zoology, and ani- 

 mal and vegetable pathology, to the material welfare of the State are no 



