78 



arete from Poligny, French Jura, and Weimar ; asymmetrical forms 

 from the French Jura, with 3 ocelli on R. forewings and 2 on 

 L. forewings ; specimens from Eclepens showing well-developed 

 transverse lines on hindwings. 



Mr, Hy. J. Turner gave a summary of the history of the species 

 of which the following account was the basis : — ■ 



The species we are discussing to-night was first described in 1758 

 by Linneus in the " Systema Naturae " (Ed. x., p. 471) as follows: 

 Papilio (Danai, Festivi) liyperantus, " alis integerrimis fuscis ; 

 primoribus subtus ocellis tribus; posticis utrinque quinque." 



Habitat in Europae sylvis." 



In 1761 the same author, in " Fauna Suecica " (p. 273), 

 redescribed hyperantus as follows: — Alae concolores, fuscae, margine 

 albido. Primores supra punctis 2 nigris, vix ocellatis ; subtus 

 ocellis 3, postico minore. Secundariae supra punctis 2 ; subtus 

 ocellis 2 approximatis anterioribus and 3 posterioribus distinctis. 



In 1763 Scopoli in the " Entomologia Carniolica " (p. 167j, 

 either ignoring or in ignorance of the Linnean name, re-described 

 the species as Papiliu polymeda. 



In 1764, 0. F. Miiller in " Fauna insectorum Fridrichsdalina " 

 (p. 36) after giving hyperantus (p. 33) described P. arete as follows : 

 " alis dentatis utrinque cinereo-fuscis ; primoribus duobus, posticis 

 quinque punctis albis," which we now identify as an aberration of 

 hyperantus. 



The same author (I.e., p. 36) described P. vidua as follows : "alis 

 dentatis supra nigro-cinereis immaculatis ; subtus e flavo cinereis 

 nitidis, ocellis primoribus 2 posticis quinque." This is evidently 

 another form of hyperantus [" possibly a ? form," Tutt, in lit.] 



In 1767 Linneus, in " Hystema Naturae " (Ed. xii., p. 768), 

 substituted " posticis duobus tribusque " for " posticis utrinque 

 quinque" in the xth Ed. 



In 1767 Moses Harris, in his " Essay " on the nervures as 

 characters for establishing genera, placed hyperantus in the genus 

 Aryus, with other British Satyrids. 



In 1775, Fabricius in " Systema Entomologi:e " (p. 486) 

 remarked on the variation " alis supra ocellatis et immaculatis," 

 and spelt the name with an h, P. hyperanthus. 



In 1777, Scopoli, in his " Introductio ad Historiam Naturalem," 

 employed the name Argus for a heterogeneous assemblage of more 

 than 50 species including hyperantus and even Urbicolida. 



In 1779, Goeze, in " Entomologische Beitrtlge " (vol. iii., pt. 1., 

 p. 288), described Papiliu octoculatus, a description which is now 



