42 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE 



the work of so many Scandinavian zoologists, but with a remark- 

 able breadth of knowledge and power of generalization ; and the 

 latter, in leading him to institute comparisons between the aboral 

 plates of the Regular Echinoidea and certain other Echino- 

 dermata and the ealycinal plates of the Crinoidea, has given to the 

 study of this perplexing class the greatest stimulus of recent years, 



Loven combined the qualities of an investigator of foremost 

 rank with those of a curator and administrator. In 1841 he was 

 elected Keeper of the Department of Invertebrates of the 

 Swedish State Museum ; and during the 51 years of his term of 

 office he brought together a collection which in intrinsic and 

 educational value, in artistic arrangement and ingenuity of 

 display, ranks foremost among its class and high in the achieve- 

 ments of museum experts. In the cause and progressive develop- 

 ment of scientific and general education Loven took a leading part, 

 as a member of the Stockholm University and of the Governing 

 Body of the Grrammar School. 



As a Lecturer on Zoology and Greology, he is said to have been 

 unsurpassed in bis own country. As a Member of the Swedish 

 Academy, he in 1844 instituted the ' Ofversigt,' to the pages of 

 which he was himself a frequent contributor. His name will be 

 a landmark in the progress of science and scientific education. 

 He was always ready to impart to others his immense knowledge, 

 and to put to the best use the rich material at his command, 

 and in his steadfastness of purpose and nobility of character 

 his memory will be handed down to future generations as 

 that of a man who did honour to the great calling which he 

 followed. A Biologist in the broadest sense, to whom palaeontology 

 was a branch of morphology, he died full of years and honours, 

 beloved by all who knew him, on September 3rd, 1895, from the 

 eflects of pulmonary disease following an attack of ' influenza ; ' 

 and there remains in the Swedish State Museum, as a final testi- 

 mony to his untiriug devotion, a collection of plates for an intended 

 monograph of the Cystidea. 



He was in 1872 chosen a Corresponding Member of the Erench 

 Institute, and he in 1893 received the Prussian order ' Pour la 

 Merite.' He was a Eoreign Member of the Eoyal Society of 

 London, of the Berlin and Vienna Academies of Science, and of 

 the Zoological and Geological Societies of London. 



He was elected a Eoreign Member of the Linnean Society, 

 5th May, 1859. 



De- Paul Howaed Macgilliyeat, M.A., was born in 1834, and 



received his education in the Marischal College of the University 

 of Aberdeen, in which his father, whose ' History of British Birds ' 

 still remains an invaluable book of reference, was Professor of 

 ^Natural History. 



"While still a student and under twenty years of age, Mac- 

 gillivray published a local Scottish Elora, entitled 'A Catalogue 

 of the Elowering Plants and Earns growing in the Neighbourhood 



