GENERAL OBSERVATIONS. 7 



final state. The larvae always possess a distinct head and 

 six thoracic legs, and in addition a variable number of 

 prolegs are often present on the abdominal segments. 

 Pupa inactive, the limbs of the future insect being usually 

 indicated by lines in the integment. This Order contains 

 all the varied tribes of Butterflies and Moths. (Plates 

 VIII., IX., X., XL, XII., XIII.) 



Order V.— NEUROPTERA. 



Wings four, of equal size, membranous, and traversed) 

 with numerous branching ribs ; the mouth masticatory, 

 and in many instances but slightly developed. Larva 

 with a distinct head and three strong thoracic legs ; chiefly 

 carnivorous. Pupa inactive ; the limbs very perceptible 

 and loosely applied to the body, but incapable of distinct 

 motion. A small Order, comprising the Stoneflies, Lace- 

 wings, Ant-lions, &c. (Plate XIV.) 



Order VI.— ORTHOPTERA. 



Wings four, of nearly equal size ; the anterior pair often 

 more or less leathery, but with distinct veins. The larva 

 and pupa closely resembling the imago ; the latter with 

 rudimentary wings. In the instances where these organs 

 are wanting in the mature insect, the metamorphosis 

 merely consists of a series of moultings, and it is con- 

 sequently a matter of some difficulty to determine when the 

 insect is full-grown. This Order is of small extent ; it 

 includes the Earwigs, Cockroaches, Grasshoppers, Crickets, 

 Termites, Dragonflies, Mayflies and Perlidas ; the last 

 four being transferred from the Neuroptera of most 

 authors. The minute species of Mallophaga and Thy- 

 sanura will also come under this heading. (Plates XV, 

 XVL, XVII., XVIIL, XIX.) 



