22 J. E. HAETING ANIMALS WHICH HATE BECOME 



"Wolf-hunt" or " Wolve-hunt.' * In Edward the Third's time 

 much the same state of things prevailed, f and in the reign of 

 Heniy the Fourth lands were held by the serjeanty of destroying 

 wolves and other wild animals in certain counties.;]: In the 

 eleventh year of Henry the Sixth (1433), Sir Robert Plumpton 

 was seised of land in the county of Nottingham called " Wolf-hunt 

 land," which he held by the service of winding a horn, and chasing 

 or frightening the wolves in the forest of Shirewood.§ Six years 

 afterwards, namely, in 1439, Robert de Umfraville held the Castle 

 of Herbotell and Manor of Otterburn of the King, in capite by the 

 service of keeping the valley and liberty of Riddesdale, where the 

 said castle and manor are situated, free from wolves and robbers. || 



The latest period at which I have been able to find mention of the 

 destruction of wolves in England is the reign of Henry the Seventh 

 (1485-1509). In Longstaffe's 'Memoirs of the Life of Ambrose 

 Barnes,' it is stated that his immediate ancestors held an estate of 

 £500 a year of the Earl of Rutland and Belvoir, one of whom (a 

 Barnes, of Hatford, near Barnard Castle) was commonly called 

 Ambrose " Roast- Wolf," from the many wolves which he hunted 

 down and destroyed in the time of Henry the Seventh. 



Many names of places compounded with ' wolf ' still remain to 

 attest probably the former existence of this animal in the neigh- 

 bourhood. Wolmer, i.e. Wolf-mere or Wolve-mere, is an instance 

 of this, Wolferton is another. Wolfenden in Rossendale, and 

 Wolfstones in Cli\'iger (Lancashire), both attest the existence of 

 this animal there when those names were imposed. 



In Scotland the wolf survived much later than it did in England, 

 owing to the wild, unsettled state of the country, and the well- 

 nigh impenetrable forests and rugged moors with which the greater 

 portion of it was still clothed. John Taylor, the water-poet, who, 

 in 1618, travelled on foot from London to Edinburgh, when visiting 

 Braemar, wrote: "I was the space of twelve days before I saw 

 either house, cornfield, or habitation of any creature, but deer, 

 wild horses, wolves, and such-like creatures, which made me doubt 

 that I should never have seen a house again." 



The history of the wolf in Scotland has been so fully dealt with 

 in my former essay ^ (in which numerous histoncal notices con- 

 cerning it will be found), that it will be unnecessary for me here 

 to do more than briefly refer to the period at which it is believed 

 to have become extinct there. The same remark will apply to 

 Ireland. So far as can now be ascertained, it appears that the wolf 

 became extinct in England during the reign of Heniy the Seventh ; 

 that it survived in Scotland until 1743 ; and that the last of these 



* "The Local Laws, Courts and Customs of Derbyshire," 'Journ. Brit. 

 ArchsDol. Assoc.,' vol. vli, p. 197. 



t Burton, ' Monasticon Eboracense,' p. 370. 



X Blount, 'Ancient Tenures,' p. 260. 



^ Escaet. 11 Hen. VI. n. 5. Blount, op. cit. p. 312, and Pegge, ' ArchaBologia,' 

 vol. iii, p. 3. See also Thoroton, ' Antiq. Nottingham,' p. 373. 



II Madox, ' Baronia Anglica,' p. 2i4. 



If ' Popular Science Eeview,' 1878, pp. 53, 141, 251, and 396. 



