54 



EEV. G. HENSLOW — HOMOLOGY AND 



Of deciduous stipules there may be the following kinds : — 



1. Bud-scales .... e.g. Qnercus, Tilia. 



2. Bud-sheath . . . . ,, Maf/nalia. 



3. Glandular . . . • ,, Resida. 



By position stipules mayhe petiolar ( Eosa), interpetiolar ( Galium), 

 oppositifoliar {Astragalus), axillary (Melia?ithus), ochreate {Poly- 

 go7iui)i). 



Lastly, with reference to their functions, stipules may be as 

 follows : — 



1. Foliar, or with true leaf -functions, e.g. 



2. Protective, as bud -scales 



,, as bud -sheath 



3. Defensive, as spines 



4. Scandent, by tendinis 



5. Secretive, by g'lands 



6. Furnishing a domicile for ants . 



Pinrnn. 



Tilia. 



Magnolia. 



jLcacia. 



Sniilax. 



Fab a. 



Ac'icia spharocepliala.* 



Leaves. — Eegarding a leaf as the type of all phylloraes, we may 

 recognise the following modifications of the two parts — stalk or 

 petiole, and blade or lamina. 



Petiolar Metamo7'phoses. — The leaf-stalk or petiole may assume 

 any of the following characters: — 



1. Foliaceous (phyllodes) 



2. Spinescent .... 



3. Protective (of buds) — 



(1) Sheathing 



(2) By a groove . 



(3) Pileiform 



(4) Squamiform . 



,, with stipules 



4. Leaf-supporting sheath — 



(1) Entire and investing the stem 



(2) Split on opposite side 



5. Glandular .... 



6. Scandent .... 



7. Nuh-itive .... 



8. Vibratory .... 



e.g. Acacia (species of). 



,, Astragalus gumtnifer. 



,, Hern chum. 



,, Ancuha juponica. 



,, Platanus. 



,, Jl'Jsciilm, Ribes. 



,, Rosa, Prunus. 



,, Palmm, Cyperacem. 



, , Grammem. 



„ Acacia sphcerocephala. 



, , Clematis. 



,, L'liinn (bulb-scales). 



, , Popidiis. 



Laminar Metamorphoses. — The following are the characters which 

 may be assumed by the blade or lamina ; — 



1. Petaloid, (1) normal . . e.g. 



,, (2) abnormal 



2. Protective (of buds) . 



3. Scandent (by tendi-il) 



4. Carnivorous 



5. Glandular 



Propagative, (1) normal 

 ,, (2) artificial 



Poinnettia. 

 Tidipa. 

 Byringa. 

 Gloriosa, Pisinn. 

 Sarracenia, etc. 

 Avoids. Nepenthes, etc.t 

 Bryophyllum. 

 Begonia, etc. 



and in Cissi. They may take the fomi of "ciliolar outgrowths developed from 

 the base of the leaves towards the centre of the interfolinm, as in Apoci/neee " 

 (p. 230). Interpetiolar stipules Griffith regards as "rudimentary leaves of inde- 

 pendent origin, as in the Rubiacetv''^ (p. 230). 



* See Belt's 'Naturalist in Nicaragua,' p. 219; and 'Journal of Linnean 

 Society,' Botany, vol. xv, p. 398. 



t The Pitchers are metamorphosed glands. — ' Trans. Liunean Soc.,' vol. 

 xxii, p. 415. 



