320 LiuTiean Society. [May 24, 



geognostic and geological relations. He was elected a Foreign 

 Member of the Linnean Society in 1820, and was Knight of several 

 of the principal Russian Orders. He died at Moscow on the 6th of 

 October last, having nearly completed his 82nd year. 



Charles Gaudichaud, Member of the Academy of Sciences of the 

 Institute of France, was bom at Angouleme, on the 4th of Septem- 

 ber 1789. He became Pharmacien de la Marine, and in that capacity 

 made three important voyages of discovery in the ships I'Uranie, 

 la Physicienne, I'Herminie, and la Bonite, under the command of 

 Captains Freycinet, Durand, and Villeneuve Bargemont. In the 

 course of these voj^ages he visited successively South America, the 

 Mauritius, Bourbon, St. Helena, New Holland, the Sandwich 

 Islands, Tierra del Fuego, the East Indies, and part of China, dwelt 

 on five different occasions at Rio Janeiro, and thrice doubled Cape 

 Horn. The shipwreck of the Uranie in the Falkland Archipelago, 

 on the 14th of February 1820, had nearly led to the loss of all his 

 collections, his herbaria remaining under salt water for forty days ; 

 but a large portion of them, amounting to 2500 plants, were saved 

 by repeated washings in fresh water during the four months' resi- 

 dence of the crew in those islands, a Flora of which, published in 

 the ' Annales des Sciences Naturelles,' was among the earliest of 

 his contributions to botanical science. The botanical part of the 

 ' Voyage de I'Uranie et de la Physicienne,' Paris, 4to and folio, 

 1826, was his next great work, and in this he introduced (besides a 

 general view of the nature of the vegetation of the several coun- 

 tries visited by the expedition) a remarkable dissertation on the 

 structure and systematic arrangement of Ferns, in which he 

 especially dwelt on the importance of the characters to be derived 

 from the attachment of their stipites and the relative number and 

 position of the vascular bundles contained in them. At a subse- 

 quent period he devoted himself almost wholly to the study of Vege- 

 table Physiology, and warmly adopting the views of Du Petit 

 Thouars on the growth of plants, he published a multitude of 

 memoirs on this important subject, which led him into a lengthened 

 controversy with M. Mirbel, whose doctrines he strenuously at- 

 tacked. Rejecting as merely hypothetical the existence of the 

 cambium, he explains the phsenomena of growth by the develop- 

 ment of the bud, which he calls the phyton, and which he regards 

 as being composed of ascending (tigellary) and descending (radical) 

 fibres, by the elongation of which, and not by the solidification of 

 the cambium, he maintains that the trunk increases in its several 

 dimensions, while it is from the buds themselves that it derives both 



