376 ' Linnean Society. [April 17, 



mile and, a half south of Clifton-on-Teme, Worcestershire ; July 

 1854." 



Read the conclusion of Mr. Bunbury's memoir " On the Flora of 

 Madeira and TenerifFe," which will be printed entire in a subsequent 

 part of the ' Proceedings.' 



April 17. 



T. Bell, Esq., President, in the Chair. 



Edward Hart Vinen, Esq., M.D., and Thomas Williams, Esq., 

 M.D., wei-e elected Fellows. 



Read, a paper " On the Homologies of the Carapace and on the 

 Structure and Functions of the Antennae in the Crustacea." By 

 Charles Spence Bate, Esq., F.L.S. &c. 



First, the author's object, was, by tracing the limits of the 

 anterior rings in the higher Crustacea, to define the number and 

 position of those which enter into the structure of the carapace. 



The ring which carries the eyes, he demonstrated, from its position 

 in Squilla and the larva of the genus Cancer, as well as from its con- 

 nection with the nervous ganglia, to be the most anterior. In the 

 Brachyura it is arched over and enclosed by the ring next succeeding, 

 but with which it is never united. 



In the higher tribes, except the aberrant family of the DiastylidcB, 

 Say, which includes the genus Cuma of M. Milne-Edwards, the 

 eyes are borne on moveable pedicles. The ring which bears them 

 is covered by and not fused with the rest of the testaceous skeleton, 

 and therefore takes no part in the development of the carapace of 

 Crustacea : the internal antennae succeed the eyes and (with the 

 exception of the genus Squilla) the ring which supports them is 

 always fused with the succeeding, the external antennae ; these two 

 form a closely associated part in the structure of the anterior portion 

 of Crustacea, and (together) complete the whole of that portion of 

 the carapace which is in advance of the cervical suture ; which, 

 according to the author's showing, forms almost the whole of the 



