88 APPENDIX TO JOURNAL 



coa, ochiiiodei Ills, polyps, aiid sponjics ; iriaiiy of them were new to science, 

 others eitlier very rare or ol' inneh interest on account of their geograph- 

 ical distribution. Pleurotoniaria is an example of the former ; asthen- 

 os'oina, ceraiophozus, rhizociinus, and other echinoderms, of the latter. 

 J)eep sea-corals were obtained in considerable (juantity, but none ai)pear 

 to be identical with those of the North Atlantic; they also seem to differ 

 more from those of Florida than would have been expected. 



" Between Barbadoes and Brazil we had little opportunity for observa- 

 tion, except upon the niotions of the llying-fish, the hal)its and ap[)ear- 

 ance of the physalia, &c. But we had an interesting dredging about a 

 day's sail south of Peruambuco in 500 fathoms, from which we obtained, 

 besides other specimens, a living shell, closely allied to the Pe(;ten para- 

 doxus, as described by (jloldfuss. Another cast, about 40 miles east of 

 Cat)e Frio, in 45 fathoms, gave us a new crustacean, singularly like the 

 ancient trilobites. With reference to temperature off the coast of 

 Brazil, Count Bourtales' notes give the following details : ' Olf Maceio, 

 Brazil, January 17, in latitude 0° 45' S., longitude 35^ 0' west, the surface- 

 temperature was 80^.5. At 100 fathoms it was 67^ ; at 485 fathoms, 

 44°.5 ; at 550 fathot.ss, (a few miles farther west,) 42°.5; in latitude 

 11° 40' south, h)ngitude37o 10' west, surface, 80^.3 ; at 613 fathoms, 39o. 

 A number of dredgings were taken on the same parallel, but nearer 

 shore, with moderate success.' He adds that subsequent casts of the 

 dredge were taken at various i)oints along the east coast of South 

 America, and in the Strait of Magellan, but almost always in de[)ths 

 lessthau 50 fathoms where temperature presented no particular interest. 



"A delay of three weeks at Bio de Janeiro interrupted our work at 

 sea, but 1 made use of it to collect largely in the market of Bio de 

 Janeiro and in the neighboring rivers and brooks. The most valuable 

 contribution to science made there, howevei', consisted in i)re])aratious 

 of large numbers of lish-brains, both marine and Iresh-water. 



"Our next port was Montevideo. Here, however, the quarantine pre- 

 vented us from entering the city, but I had an opportunity of studying 

 glacial phenomena on a hill in the harbor, where 1 was allowed to land 

 and where I found erratic material of an uncpiestionably glacial cliar- 

 actc^r, and other evidences of glacial action. Indeed, the most striking- 

 fact of all is that the hill itself is a true ' roche moutonnee.' On leaving 

 ]lio de la IMate, February 22, we dropped the dredge in some seven 

 fathoms, and it came up laden with valuable specimens. Among other 

 things this cast gave us a large voluta and the egg of a voluta, (of which 

 weibund many afterward belonging to different kinds of. volutas,) many 

 olivas, serulas, renillas, crustaceans and echinoderms. It is not worth 

 while to record all our dredgings ; they were frequent, sometimes very 

 remunerative, and sometimes not at all so. One dredging, of es[»ecial 

 value for its rare mollusks and echinoderms, was taken off the mouth 

 of the liio Negro. 



"The next point of great interest was the gulf of San Mathias, at the 



