334 



THE TROGLODYTES. 



a feast. This mode of consolation has been continued from age to age, 

 even down to the present time. 



At present only one burial-place of the troglodytes of the V6zere is 

 known — that of Cromagnon. It is a hollow rock, not a cave. Near the 

 bodies were placed some flint instruments and ornaments of shells, but 

 there is no trace of a closing stone. 



The government of the troglodytes was hierarchically organized. 

 There were dignitaries of several degrees of imi)ortance. The proofs of 

 such organization are found only in the localities of the latest period : 

 the Eyzies, Lower Laugerie, and the Madelaine. They consist of cer- 

 tain large pieces of the horn of the reindeer, carefully formed, and gen- 

 erally called rulers' staves or batons. They are very numerous, and of 

 a uniform type. Their entire surface is richly ornamented "with various 

 designs, representing figures of animals, or hunting scenes. The care 

 taken to make them as thin as jiossible, in proportion to their width, 

 shows that lightness, and not strength, was desired. Most of them, 

 not all, have, in one of their extremities, round holes, varying in num- 

 ber from one to four. (See Figs. 19 and 20.) The destination of these 



Fig. 21. Fig. 19. Fig. 20. 



Stc^s^tL 



Fig. 19.— Euler's stave or baton, with one bole, reduced to one-tbird. Fig. 20. — Tbe 

 same, with four boles, reduced to one-tbird. Fig. 21.— Tbe pogamagan of the Esqui- 

 maux, reduced to one-fourth. 



