LINNEAK SOCIETY OF LOXDOX. 5 



November 18th, 1909. 



Dr. D. H. Scott, r.E..S., President, in the Chair. 



The Minutes of the General Meeting of the 4th November, 

 1909, were read and continued. 



Prof. William Bateson, M.A. (Cantab.), F.R.S., and Mr. Donald 

 Hex'bert Edmuud Sunder, were proposed as Fellows. 



Mr. Thomas Parkin, M.A., was elected a Fellow. 



Mr. F. Enock, F.L.S., exhibited on the screen a series of photo- 

 graphs of the movements of animals, and contributed the following 

 summary of his remarks : — 



Among tlie recent discoveries and improvements in scientific 

 appliances connected with photography, the kineinatograph stands 

 out before all others, but it is a fact inucli to be regretted that 

 ninety per cent, of the films made are for the simple amusement 

 of the multitude. No doubt, as time goes on, naturalists will 

 realize the immense value of the kinematograph in permanently 

 registering movements of every kind of living creature, which can 

 be shown time after time upon the screen. Every stage in the 

 life-liistory of an insect can (with a good deal of trouble and 

 patience) be photographed with all the detail of living movements. 



During the past two years I have, with the invaluable assist- 

 ance of Mr. A. Newman, taken a number of films showing the 

 movements peculiar to certain larvae of Lepidoptera, together 

 with other insects, as well as those swimming in their native 

 element. Our first film shows a beetle crawling along a stem, 

 using its antennae to feel its way along; a woodlouse also uses 

 these organs for the same purpose ; and a garden spider runs 

 across so rapidly that the order in which its legs are used is quite 

 lost in this instance. 



Caterpillars of various species each show some peculiarity in 

 their progression along a stem. That of an Ermine Moth, one of 

 the familiar Woolly-bear type, moves very hurriedly, so that the 

 undulatory movement is most noticeable. Others, such as the 

 larva of tlie Puss Moth, show greater caution in their movements; 

 and that of the Elephant Hawk-Moth gives a good idea of 

 dignified motion, the bringing up and settins down of the anal 

 segment much resembling the action of the ponderous foot of the 

 Elephant. 



The strange appendages with which the larva of Staitropus fagi, 

 the Lobster Moth, moves are all shown to advantage, especially 

 the frying-pan appendage at the tail. 



As might be imagined, the undulatory movement of the 

 " Looper "caterpillars is noticeable by its absence, owing to the fact 

 that these larvae have no intermediate claspers, so necessitating 



