THE CODLIN MOTH. 53 



be diluted until required for use, when hot (rain) water, if 

 possible, should be used. In using the kerosene emulsion, 

 the same system of spraying as that previously alluded to 

 as being adapted for the use of London purple can be 

 followed out ; and recent experiments, by Professor Riley 

 in America and others in Europe, have proved beyond a 

 doubt that Paris green and London purple may be relied 

 upon as the two best materials for spraying yet tried for the 

 purpose, the price of the London purple being about 2s. 

 j3er lb. (cheaper if purchased in bulk), and it can be ob- 

 tained from any wholesale druggists in Melbourne, also 

 from seed merchants, by whom it has been imported. 



The recent trials of steam-power machines for the pur- 

 pose of destroying insects, which has taken place at my 

 suggestion, has in my opinion proved, beyond the possi- 

 bility of a doubt, their superiority over machines worked 

 by hand, and it must be but the matter of a little time 

 which it will take to perfect these steam machines, 

 when, if they can be constructed cheaply and with com- 

 parative safety, they are certain to be largely used 

 in extensive orchards and vineyards where the cost of 

 labour is so great a consideration. Further and more 

 elaborate experiments as to the material to be forced 

 through them will, it is hoped, add to their usefulness as 

 the insect and fungoid destroyers of the present time. In 

 the case of the hybernating larva3 of the Codlin Moth, 

 &c., the application of steam in any form to the stems and 

 crevices of fruit trees must be attended with the most 

 favorable results, which if to be effective the work must be 

 done at the proper time and in a thorough manner. The 

 use of bandages around the trees, for the purpose of 

 trapping the grubs, is also a most excellent plan, and if 

 properly carried out, and the bandages examined in a 

 systematic manner, an orchard, as Mr. Neilson remarks, 

 may be kept tolerably clear of Codlin Moth, providing that 

 no slovenly and careless neighbour be permitted to leave 

 his trees untouched and unattended to, in which case the 

 careful grower is placed at a serious disadvantage, by 

 having to put up with a regular nursery of insect pests at 



