116 MU. F, SMITH ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 



ern Archipelago. Melissodes, another genua of the long-horned 

 Bees, is strictly American, most of the species being found in the 

 South, principally in Brazil. Anthoplwra is a very extensive genus, 

 one hundred and twenty-three species having been described. The 

 type, A. return, is found in all parts of Europe, from Italy to Swe- 

 den ; A. acervorum is equally widely distributed ; A.furcata is 

 found as far north as Lapland ; about forty species are inhabitants 

 of Europe ; about thirty-seven have been discovered in Egypt and 

 Algeria ; and a few have occurred in South Africa : three species 

 have been found in Australia ; one of these, A. cingulata, I am 

 strongly inclined to believe, is only a variety of A. zonata, which is 

 common to China, the Philippines, Ceylon, India, Java, and 

 throughout the Eastern Archipelago ; Mr. Wallace found it in 

 almost every island that he visited ; he also discovered three beau- 

 tiful new species — one in Borneo, one in Celebes, and one in Key 

 Island. 



Xylocopa is a genus containing a large number of species very 

 widely distributed, although none are found in Great Britain: 

 X. violacea is the type of the genus. About seven species are 

 found in Europe, about thirty in Africa, and about fourteen in 

 India. X. aestuans is widely distributed, being found in China, 

 India, Celebes, Aru, Timor, and Australia. Mr. Wallace added 

 eight new species to the list, already amounting to one hundred 

 and one, described in various works. Many iine species are found 

 in Brazil and other parts of South America ; but only six are 

 recorded from North America. 



We have now to direct our attention to the division of the 

 Social Bees, commencing with the genus Sombus, which, comprises 

 the well-known Humble-Bees. These insects are found in Europe 

 and America, being scattered over both the north and south con- 

 tinents of the latter. About eighty species are known, thirty-six 

 being indigenous to Europe, eighteen of which belong to the fauna 

 of this country ; thirteen species are known from China, India, 

 and Java ; but Mr. Wallace did not find one in the Eastern Archi- 

 pelago ; and none have occurred in Australia or in South Africa. 

 The geographical range of the genus is, however, very great, several 

 species being found in Brazil ; and Boss, the arctic navigator, found 

 two species in Boothia Eelix : more recently Sir John Richardson 

 brought two or more species from the Great Bear Lake ; one of 

 of these I could not separate from the B. hortonim of this country ; 

 the latter insect therefore ranges from the Arctic regions to Spain 

 and Italy. Ten of the British species are also found in Lapland ; 



