OF ACULEATE UTMENOPTEEA. 119 



leaves of trees and shrubs. Their communities are small, seldom 

 exceeding twenty individuals ; such is the concurrent testimony of 

 Mr. Jerdou and Mr. Wallace. No species has occurred in Europe. 

 The genus CEcoiiliylla consists of two species, one Eastern, tlie 

 other African. CE. smaragdina is generally distributed in the East ; 

 it builds large nests on trees, uniting together a number of leaves 

 for that purpose : this species is found commonly in India, China, 

 the Philippines, and, by Mr. Wallace, in Borneo and Celebes ; it 

 has also occurred in Sumatra and Java, and is no doubt widely 

 distributed ; I have considerable doubts of its being really speci- 

 fically distinct from the African species CE. virescens, which insect 

 also occurs in Australia. 



In the next family, the Poneridje, the genus Odontomachus, 

 previous to Messrs. Wallace and Bates visiting Brazil, consisted 

 of four known species from Brazil, one from Cuba, and one from 

 Ceylon ; through the exertions of those naturalists it now num- 

 bers twenty-two species, nine having been discovered in the East 

 by Mr. Wallace. These insects are essentially tropical ; one 

 species only has occurred in Australia : some of the species are 

 widely distributed ; O. simillimus is found in Ceylon, Celebes, 

 Aru, Ceram, and Waigiou. 



The genus Ponera is almost universally distributed ; we have 

 one British species. Twelve species were known from the East 

 previous to Mr. Wallace's expedition to those latitudes ; to that 

 number he has added thirty. Of the range of individual species 

 we have scarcely any data: the type, P. contracta, is found in 

 most parts of Europe, it also occurs in the Island of Madeira ; one 

 or two of the Boruean species also occur in Celebes and Bachiau. 

 Of the interesting genus Typhlopone twelve species are de- 

 scribed, eight being found in South America, two in Africa, and 

 one in Ceylon, and Mr. Wallace has added a fine species from 

 Borneo. It has been suggested that these insects, all that are 

 yet discovered being workers, are sexes of the genus Lahidus ; 

 should this prove to be the case, probably the Eastern species of Ty- 

 phlopone may prove to be sexes of the genus Enictus, three species 

 of which have occurred in India. 



Dorylus, belonging to the same family as Lahidus, although so 

 common in India, does not appear to range into the Archipelago ; 

 at least no specimen was found by Mr. Wallace. The habits of 

 the genus being nocturnal, probably accounts for the fact of no 

 one having discovered either the female or worker of Dorylus. 

 To the family MYEMiciDiE Mr. Wallace's additions are very 



