lil.ACK.MAK: ICXl'KKl.MICXTS IN SOl.UI'lOX OF LABOR PKOllI.K.M. 17 



sired to establish the place on such a basis as would exclude all 

 baneful influences, believing that such a polic\- v.ould result in the 

 greatest measure of success from a commercial point of view, 

 and also, what w^as equally important, or parhapj of greater im- 

 portance, in a tendenc}' toward the continued elevation and improve- 

 ment of the condition not onl}' of the working" people themselves 

 but of their children growing up about them." 



To one who reads closely this statement of the founder of Pull- 

 man, it will be observed that the prime motive was to build a man- 

 ufacturing interest which would yield a sure and steady profit to 

 the investors without the usual accidents that arise from uncertain 

 and unskilled labor. The laborer being a necessary adjunct 

 to this l:)usiness enterprise should be cared for in order that the 

 money-making plan could be successfully carried out. Manufac- 

 turing was to be placed on a higher plane. Attracted by the Sur- 

 roundings and by good wages, it was hoped and expected that 

 skilled workmen would seek Pullman as a place of residence 'v'// 

 preference to otiiers.'' Thus the Pullman company woidd have the 

 advantage over other companies in the production of goods. Thus 

 far the idea is pureh' commercial and represents the extreme spirit 

 of modern competition. But the plan was accompanied by altru- 

 istic motives, for it was thought that the workmen would be inter- 

 ested in the Pullman plan and thus improve their condition and 

 furnish a rational plan for the peaceful solution of the labor prob- 

 lem. So the plan, having been symmetrically conceived, was 

 formally carried out. A model town was built adjacent to the 

 shops composed of long rows of brick houses joining eachother and 

 facing on streets well macadamized and drained. Systems of 

 sewerage, water works, and gas supply were established for the 

 convenience of the residents. A central market was erected pro- 

 vided with rooms and stalls which were rented to parties who 

 would conduct the business for the convenience of the people. A 

 large arcade or department store was so arranged that an individual 

 after once entering could do all of his shopping under the cover of 

 one roof. A play-ground, a church, a theatre, and a school house 

 were provided by the town authorities. And thus it happened 

 that a city of twelve thousand people sprang up, nearl}^ all of 

 whom were employees of the Pullman company and who had all 

 municipal advantages thrust upon them with no anxiety except as 

 to wages received and rents paid. They rented the houses and the 

 company did everything else. It did the thinking, the planning, 

 the working, the doing. The result of it was that a symmetrical 

 town, well arranged for convenience and economy, sprang up, com- 



