44 KANSAS i;NIVERSirY yl:AR'l'l•:RL^'. 



the montli of January. Men and boys are day workers. This 

 department is very clean and healthy. 



13. Curing, Smoking, Pickling. — Two hundred to two hundred 

 and forty-five, nearly all men. Ten to twelve boys, twelve to 

 eighteen years old. Ver}^ few men in labor organizations, there- 

 fore we term them nearly all common laborers. Sixty per cent, of 

 the men in cellars and cool damp work are foreigners and negroes. 

 Swedes and Germans are far stronger to do this work. 



14. Laundry. — Four girls and one man. All the house linen 

 is washed here free of charge. The girls are waitresses in the 

 company's restaurant and also make all the aprons, etc., for the 

 house. They work by the day for eighty cents and their dinner — 

 eight hours. They are girls of integrity. 



15. Hoc; Casing. — Twenty-four men and two boys — thirteen 

 men married. Unhealthy work — slop and steam tend to make it 

 so. All work here is day work at $1.40 for eight hours. 



16. IcK Plani'. — Six men on the day force, five night — work 

 twelve hours for S1.80. At the engine, eight on the day force and 

 same number at night, at from $2 to $3.50. All married but two. 

 Boiler room, fourteen men b}- day, same by night, at from $2 to 

 S2.75. Some colored men. Few in trades' unions, but nearly all 

 in benefit orders of some kind. Majority are renters. 



17. BuriKRiMC. — T'.vent\-six men, six girls, three boys. All 

 piece workers. Clean, air}' work. Average wages $1. 



iS. Tix Shop. — Seven men. all tinners — $2.25 per day. Five 

 of them married. Intelligent men — renters, for the reason that 

 taxes are too high in localities near their work. The foreman has 

 a fair house of six rooms at $11 per month, with a railroad passing 

 less than eleven feet from his door. 



19. FF:Rrii,i7KR. — Thirty-two men from twenty-eight to fifty 

 years of age. Six boys sixteen to seventeen years. All day work 

 at 15 cents per hour. This work is healtlu', one's nose to the 

 contrary notwithstanding. The foreman was a consumptive when 

 he entered this building, but now he is as brawny as a prize-fighter. 

 The American is too aristocratic for this work, and it has been 

 delegated to the Bohemians, largely, who live in the "Patch."* 

 Many fires occur in this department. 



20. HiDKS. — Twenty-one married men. 15 cents to 20 cents 

 per hour for an eight hour day. The work is healthy. The men 

 are mostly Austrians, illiterate and uncouth — live in the "Patch." 



21. Neutral. — Eleven men, one boy fourteen years old. Three 

 of the men are married — all work b}^ the day — average wage is 



*An irresinlaf Iract lyiiij; west of .\i'm<)ur's piickiiii"- liDiise. See infra p. 5(5. 



