230 KANSAS UNIVERS^1'^■ (JUAK'rKkl.V. 



history, we may fairly suppose that he heard most of the discus- 

 sions which took place in the Ecclesia between 433 and 424 B. C. , 

 the latter year being the year when his twenty years exile from 

 Athens began. Such discussions would be the addresses of the 

 Corcyrean and Corinthian envoys in 433 B. C, the speeches of 

 Pericles, the debate on Mitylene in 427 B. C, and the speech of 

 the Lacedaimonian envoys in 425 B. C. These, then, are the 

 speeches which must form the basis of a consideration as to 

 whether he treated the speech historically or artificially. 



Confining our discussion to the funeral oration, we find that it 

 gives rise to three queries: ( i ) Does Thucydides here represent 

 the style of Bericles? (2) Does Thucydides here faithfully por- 

 tray the policy of Pericles? (3) Does Thucydides here give the 

 words of Pericles? 



Professor Jebb's theory is that Thucydides does here represent 

 the style of Pericles and for three reasons: (a) Thucydides must 

 have repeatedly heard Pericles whom he pronounces the first of 

 Athenians — most powerful in action and in speech (i, 139), and it 

 would therefore be strange if he did not give some traits of the elo- 

 quence which was so stirring in those times. (b) The bold 

 imagery and striking phrases whicli are attributed to him b\' 

 Aristotle and Plutarch are parallelled by certain portions of his 

 Thucydidean speeches. Thus, Arist. Rhet. 3, 10. 7: 



"(oaTiep lle/jtKA^s e(J3r} ryv re6Ty]Tii. rj/i/ aTroXofxeyrjV iv rw TToX^fxw ov TO)<i 7/(/)a- 



vlq-Bm Ik rjys TroAfois. "wtTTrep et rts to esp Ik tov Ivlivtov e^eAot lb. rr;v 



Ai.'ytvai' dc^cAfiF iKeXtvat ttjv Xrjfx-ijv tov Ylupueo)?. Plut. Per. 8. 5: tov 

 TToAe/xoi' "ijSr] KuOopav (Itto \leXo7rovrr]<Tov 7rpoa(fiep6fi€vov, and of those who 

 fell at Samos: iyKMfJud^oiv iirl tov f3r'jixiT0? (WM'aTovi eXeye yeyoi'ii'M KaOa- 

 Trep Tov<; ^eous" ov yap eKewov; (lvtov? (>pwp.ev, aAAa rais rt/xats a? e^ovcrt Kai 

 Tois dyaOoL^ a 7rape';^or(rt d(9avaToi'? dv.iL TaKfi'MpofiiOa. With SUch expres- 

 sions as the foregoing are compared the following in the epitaph- 

 ios: ch. 43: TOV ayr'jpo)v eVatvov KaXXicrTOv tpuvov ■rrpoiip.i.voi. ch. 41 : p-vq- 

 p.eia KitKuiv KuyuOwv (u8ui ^vvKaTOLKL(yuvT€<;. ch. 43: avhpwv iTri(ji'j.v(l>v irdcra yrj 

 Tttt^os, and others. Cf. also ch. 62 in his speech to the Athenian 

 Ecclesia: kt^ttIov koL iyKaXXi!)Tn(rp.a ttXoxWov. 



(c) There is a majest}- in the rhythm of the whole, a certain 

 union of impetuous movement with lofty grandeur which Thucy- 

 dides gives to Pericles alone. Thus, Professor Jebb. But, if I 

 may be so bold as to have an opinion in the presence of such 

 authority. I think it unlikely that there is any conscious imitation 

 of the style of Pericles in the speech as given by Thucydides, and 

 for the following reasons; 



