68 PROC'EEDI^'GS OF THE 



June 4th, 1914. 

 Prof. E. B. PoULTOX, F.E.S., President, in the Chair. 



The Minutes of the Anniversary Meeting of the 25th May, 

 1014, were read and confirmed. 



Mr. Edward Ashdown Bunyard uas admitted a Pellow, and 

 Mr. James Lomax an Associate. 



Miss Snrali Martha Baker, D.Se. (Lond.), Mr. Charles John 

 Bond, E.B.C.S., and Mr. Stuart Hogg, were elected Eellous. 



The President announced tliat he had appointed the following 

 to be Vice-Presidents dni-ing the ensuing year: — Prof. W. A. 

 Hekdmak, Prof. E. A. Mixciiix, Mr. Houace W. Moxckton, 

 and Mr. PI. N. IIidley. 



The Eev. (jeorge He>'slow, M.A., F.L.S., gave an address on 

 " Darwin's Alternative Explanation of the Origin of Species, 

 without the Means of J^aturul Selection," and supplied the 

 following abstract : — 



The cause of Variation, always " changed conditions of Life,'' 

 with "Definite or Indefinite liesults " {Variation, i^-c. vol. ii. 

 p. 'ZT2, 1868). 



Natural Selection is not a Cause: e.g. Mivart {Origin, Sf-c. 

 6th ed. ch. vii.). Also, E. \V. Hutton, who says: — "Having 

 proved Natural Selection to be a tme cause, and one that largely 

 explained the Origin of Species from Varieties, by causing a 

 gradual divergence of chai'acter, &.c." {Darwinism and Lamarclcism, 

 p. :i8, 1899). 



No necessity for the words "Several generations " for giving 

 rise to a variation, as plants vary at once ; but they are required 

 for fixing them so as to be hereditary under any conditions. 

 " Species " and " Variety " are terms representing the varying 

 amounts of change necessary for adaptation. Hence thei-e need 

 be no intermediate forms. 



Eirst reference to "definite action," &.C., as a Cause {Origin, dr. 

 Isted. End of Introduction, 1859). His original view {Origin, 

 <^-c. pp. 11, 12) not strongly emphasized until 1868 {Variation, S,-c., 

 and Origin, c^-c. 6th ed. 1878). Reason for delay given to Wagner 

 {Life Sf-c, 4'c. vol. iii. p. 158; Oct. 1876), viz.: — "I could find 

 little evidence of the direct action of the environment." 



"Definite variation" leads to "permanent modification * of 



