LINNEA.X SOCIETY OF LO?fI)ON. 85 



hereditary factors, have originated by some process oF wliat one 

 calls spontaneous generation. Progress was caused by different 

 factors coming together after fusing, e.g., after crossing of these 

 Urorganisms. 



The objection sometimes heard, that the shuffling of a pack of 

 cards does not cause new cards to appear, therefore, does not fit 

 the case. I take it, a large number of incomplete packs of cards 

 originated, so that every time two of them were shuffled there 

 was an addition of new cards. Of course, this part is entirely 

 hy])othetical. 



Now let us consider some 



Possible Objections. 



The first one will probably be that the one case of Antin-Maum 

 does not prove that all species hybrids segregate. Of course, it 

 does not, but the number of cases showing segregation daily 

 increases. 1 know already of the following ones: — 



Primula graniiflora X officinalis, "j 

 Petunia nycta<iiniflora X violacea. I Naudin. 

 Linaria purpurea X vulgaris. J 

 Different species of Dianthus. 1 



„ „ Aquilegia. I Banr. 



„ ,, Melandrium. I 



Pisum sativum X qundratum. \ c ,. 



^, 1 , \ button. 



,, a.rvense X quadrafum. J 



Mirahilis Jalappa. X lougiflnra. Correns. 



Lappa, officinalis X tomentosa. }1eribert Nilssoii. 



Ditt'ei-ent species of Bubus. LicU'urss. 



Argemone mexicana X platyceras. ~| 



Digitalis purpurea X grandijlora. I Pliilippe de 



Eremurus Buvgei X Olgee. j Yilmorin. 



Impaticns Petersiana X Holstei. J 



Triticum X Secale. Jesenko. 



„ X Mgilops. Louis de Vilmorin. 



The two latter cases are even so-called bigeneric hybrids. 



We further know of micro-species belonging to the same 

 Linnean species in which, after crossing, segregation occurs ; so in 

 the case of the micro-species of Erophila crossed by E,osen, which 

 segregate in F,, but then, if no mistake due to small numbers has 

 taken place, become stable, pi'obably owing to apogamy. As this 

 case therefore is complicated by something not quite ehicidated, I 

 can here, by the kindness of Mr. Kristofferson of Lund, com- 

 municate that micro-species of Viola arvensis crossed among 

 themselves and crossed with similar forms of Viola tricolor, 

 segregate in the most approved manner. 



It therefore seems that segregation occurs generally among 

 80-called species hybrids as well as among so-called varieties, 

 which was to be expected, if there is no difference between species 

 and variety. 



Of course, one can yet offer as an objection the (Enothera- 

 crosses of de A'ries. Now, I think that as long as we do not 

 know what kind of things these forms crossed really are, their 



