" Contributions to Malayan Ornithology." 163 



den Philippinischen Inseln^ BufFon/^ So far as we know, 

 none of Miiller's titles were founded on specimens. They were 

 mostly given, like Boddaert's, Scopoli's, and Gmelin's, to plates 

 or descriptions in other works. 



19. Megalorhynchus hayi (Gray). 



Lesson^s generic title, Caloramjjhus, supersedes that of Eyton, 

 having been published one month earlier (Rev. Zool. 1839, 

 May 1st). Dr. Stoliczka has correctly retained the specific 

 name hayi, J. E. Gray, for the Malaccan bird. Most unac- 

 countably, in the Monograph of the Capitonidce, Gmelin^s title 

 lathami, erroneously applied by Baffles (Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 

 p. 284) to the Sumatran Caloramphus, is adopted, and, more- 

 over, as if it were an original title of Sir Stamford's ; for the 

 date 1822 is added. Sir Stamford enumerated the species in 

 his List of Sumatran Birds under the title of Bucco lathami, Gm. 

 It is almost superfluous to remark that Latham's BuflF-faced 

 Barbet (Synop. i. p. 504, pi. 32), on which Gmelin founded his 

 B. lathami, cannot possibly refer to C. hayi. It is a dark olive- 

 green bird, with the forehead, chin, sides of the head, and round 

 the eyes dull buff colour, yellow in the plate. Bill beset with 

 bristles at the base. No plausible identification of Latham's bird 

 has as yet been made. 



20. TiGA " RUFA," Raffl. 



It is difficult to perfectly understand the meaning Raffles in- 

 tended to convey in the last member of the sentence, " Tukki 

 besar, or T. rufa." Nor does Vigors in the " Memoir '' assist 

 us ; for he does not repeat the words — from which it may, 

 however, be inferred that Vigors did not consider that Sir 

 Stamford intended to bestow a new specific name on Horsfield's 

 species. Malherbe quotes the passage " ou Tukki rufa, Raffl.," 

 thus regarding the letter T. as the initial of the native name. 

 Tukki is the Sumatran word, as Phatuk seems to be the Javan, 

 for Woodpecker. Perhaps " besar " is the Sumatran for red, 

 and Sir Stamford may have added the words "or T.rufa" 

 as a hteral translation of the native name. In the case of 

 Falco dimidiatus, he wrote " Lang Laut, or Sea Eagle," thus 

 translating the native name into English, and not into Latin. But 



M 2 



