Mr. J. F. Hamilton on Brazilian Birds. 301 



A 

 Turtledove . . . April 

 Wood -Wren ... „ 



Spotted Flycatcher . „ 



Roller 



The above dates for England have been noted in Devonshire, 

 or taken from the ' Field ^ newspaper by my father, who also in- 

 forms me that, according to that journal, the Swallow was first 

 observed at Naples on the 28th of March, at Toulouse on the 

 29th, and at Florence on the 31st. 



XXIV. — Notes on Birds from the Province of Sao Paulo, 

 Brazil. By J. F. Hamilton. 



Having spent part of the spring of 1869 in the south of Brazil, 

 and made a small collection of birds from that locality, I think 

 that some notes which I took may not prove uninteresting to 

 the readers of * The Ibis.' 



It may be well in the first place to give some idea of the cha- 

 racter of the country. From Santos, the port where I landed, 

 a level space of marshy ground, covered by trees, extends for a 

 distance of about eight miles from the sea. At the end of this 

 the mountain-range or Serra do Mar ascends rather steeply 

 to a height of about 2500 feet, which is the elevation of the 

 greater part of the Province of Sao Paulo. The Serra is covered 

 by a dense forest, which extends for a distance of about twenty 

 miles from the top ; beyond this, for at Jeast forty miles, the 

 country is of a very open character, alternating between undu- 

 lating campos and small patches of forest ; further westward it is 

 more mountainous, and the woods which clothe the Serra extend 

 further from the top. About 100 miles west of Sao Paulo is 

 the town of Itapetininga ; the distance between it and the woods 

 of the Serra is about thirty miles, the country being very open 

 and rather hilly. There is a good deal of partially cleared land 

 at the edge of the forest, bordering on the campos, and also some 

 extent of marshy ground ; here the greater part of my collection 

 was formed ; a ieyf birds were also procured near Sao Paulo. 

 The birds mentioned in the following notes, with the exception 



SER. III. VOL. I. Y 



