Anafinc (Uhuk and Us Xcarcst Allies. Ill 



Aclln/jd (!I,<»(;EK. n''r(iri("i)'s) Noti/.cii (Jebiclo Nafur ii. llellk., XVI, Xo. 

 IS. M.ir<li, IS-_'7, col. 279 (iioin. ciikmkI. \)Vi) \iillniii Hoio ; type, therefore, 

 AiiiiK fcriiKi Linnaeus). 



Avllnjiu GI^OGER, (Froriep's) Xotizeu Gcliiete Xatur u. Heilk. XVI, Xo. 

 18. .March, 1827, col. 279 (nom. emend, pro Aythya Boie; typo, therefore, 

 Audx fcrina Linnaeus). 



Mlln/a BOIE. Isis (von Okcn). 1828, Heft III-IV, col. 359 (nom. ememl. 

 luo Ai/lhi/d r><iie: type tluis Anas fcriiui Linnaeus) (nee Aethya Dumont). 



Fulujuhi SWAIXSOX. Xat. Hist, and Classif. Birds. II, July 1, 1837, p. 

 .■'.C.S (Kay MS.) (type l)y nionotypy. Fulii/ula fcrina Selby [= Anas fervna 

 Linnaeus]). 



Athya BRANDT, in Ilelmersen. Lohniann's Reise Buchara und Samar- 

 kand, 1852. p. 320 (type l)y monotypy, "FuUgula fcrina Linn." [= Anas 

 fcrina Linnaeus] ). 



Mnrila REICHEXBACH. Avium Syst. Xat.. 1852. p. VIII (type by orig- 

 inal desisnation. Anas fcrina Linnaeus). 



Aythia SALVADORI. Cat Birds Brit. Mus., XXVII. 1895, p. .S34 (Boie 

 MS.) (type by ori.£?iual designation, Anas jerina Linnaeus). 



I>i«£/nos/s.^Similar to I'crissonctfa. but length of exposed culmen de- 

 cidedly shorter than inner toe with claw, and less than twice the height 

 (if bill at extreme base; feathering on sides of m:ixilla not extending for- 

 ward as far as the feathering at the base of the culmen; anterior outline 

 of feathering at the base of culmen triangular and reaching anteriorly 

 to an acute point ; length of wing more tlian 4 times the length of exposed 

 culmen. tip of bill squarish, its width at posterior end of nail 2 1/2 times 

 the length of nail ; height of bill at extreme base 1 1/4-1 3/8 times its great- 

 est width ; and base of culmen deeply concave. 



Description. — Wing 4 1/4-4 2/5 times the length of exix)sed culmen ; bill 

 somewhat flattened terminally, its widtla near end about 1 1/20 times 

 its width at base, its tip squarish, its width at posterior end of nail about 

 2 1/2 times the length of nail ; tip of maxilla moderately hooked ; nail of 

 bill rather narrow and strap-shaped ; height of bill at extreme base 1 1/4- 



1 3/8 times the greatest width of bill ; base of culmen deeply concave ; length 

 of exposed culmen 1 4/5-1 6/7 times the height of bill at extreme base, about 



2 2/5 times the greatest width of bill, and decidedly less than inner toe with 

 claw ; anterinr outline of feathering at base of culmen triangular and acute- 

 ly pointed ; feathering on sides of maxilla not reaching forward as far as 

 the feathering at the base of culmen ; a short occipital crest. 



Type. — Anas feHna Linnaeus. 



Remarks. — This, the type of this monot.vpic genus, is very much more 

 different from the species above included in Nyroca than authors have here- 

 tofore realized, largely because its distinctive characteristics have appar- 

 ently been unappreciated. Its separation now as a distinct genus is based 

 almost entirely on new characters. From Nyroca it may readily be sepa- 

 rated by the deep longitudinal cavity at the base of the culmen. squarish 

 tip of bill, and in having the width of the bill at the posterior end of nail 

 at least 2 1/2 times the length of the nail : tip of maxilla less strongly 

 hooked; nail of bill relatively narrow and strap-like: and the height of bill 

 at base 1 1/4-1 3/8 times the greatest width of bill. 



