IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 87 



PHRENOLOGICAL NOTES. 



ABSTRACT, BY L. H. FAMMEL. 



Among the many interesting observations in connection with our flora is 

 the relation that plants have to climatology. It is true the question is an 

 agricultural and horticultural one only so far as it bears on questions of our 

 cultivated plants. But with the addition of new plants every year to our 

 list of those cultivated for utilitarian or ornamental jjurposes, it is important 

 to record exact data in regard to their behavior under cultivation. But in 

 plant climatology all plants should be studied with reference to various 

 climatic conditions. 



These studies should be made not only in other countries, but every State 

 in the Union. If this is done it will be possible to say, with some certainty, 

 whether given plants are adapted to certain climates. It will be possible 

 for us to determine positively the variability of some plants and their 

 behavior under different conditions. This subject has not received the 

 attention it deserves in this country. Investigations of this kind have been 

 made by Trelease, Halsted, Britton, Henry, etc.^ Valuable observations 

 have been made in Europe by Fritsch- and others. Observations like 

 Keissenberger's, on the time of flowering and maturing of seed of cultivated 

 plants like oats, wheat, corn' and grape over long periods of years, ai'e of 

 great importance. The paper will be published in full in Bulletin Torrey 

 Bot. Club. 



The paper was divided up into the following heads: 



I. A comparison of the appearance -of flowers and leaves, etc., for the 

 years 1886 and 1891. 



II. Notes on the effects of frost on the falling of leaves, as well as the 

 frost limit of certain plants. 



III. A succession of flowers for the years 1886 and 1891. 



'F^rst and Second Annual Report Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station, 

 1883, p. 56; 1884, p. 59. 



Bulletin of the Iowa Agricultural College Department of Botany, 1886, p. 44. 



Bulletin Torrey Bot. Club, Vol. VI, No. 42. p. 2a5. 



Report of Board of Resents University of Wisconsin, 1881. 



2Thermische constanten fur die Bluthe und Fruchtreife von 881» Pflanzenarten K. 

 K. A Kad. d. Wissenschaften, Vienna, 1861. Sitzung.28, Nov., pp. 120, 1 plate Vienna, 

 1863. 



^Ueberdie zeit der Bluthe und Fruchtreife des Roggens der Weinrebe und des 

 Maises nach viel.iahrigen Beobachtungen in der Umgebung von Hermannstadt. Verb, 

 und Mitth, d. siebenburg Ver. f. Naturw, in Hermannstadt XXXVIU, 1888, p. 121-132. 

 Just. Johresb, 1888, Vol II, p. 51. 



