IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 101 



a few enlarged sensoria, remaining joints slightly rough or irregularly rugose. 

 From specimens in balsam. 



Apterous viviparous form: Length of body 3.50 to 3.90 mm.; width 1.80 to 

 2mm.; length of anntenna 130 to 140 mm. (.FointlO-lO mm.; 110.15 mm.; 

 1110.32 mm.; IV 0.25 mm.; V 0.27 mm.; VI 0.30 mm.) Antenna slightly 

 roughened and with a few hairs. Rostrum reaching second pair of coxfc, stout. 

 Body walls and appendages brown, the fluids of the body give a dark olive green 

 background, while the whole surface is covered with a gray flocculent secretion. 

 In balsam the color changes to a purple black. Cauda obsolete Cornicles barely 

 indicated. 



Apterous males or larvse: Length of body 1 mm width 0.4 to 0.5 mm.; Rost- 

 rum reaching nearly to end of abdomen, stout. Antennae length 0.7 mm.; Only 

 five joints visible. Eyes small, red. 



LIFE HISTORIES OF JASSID^. 



BY HERBERT OSBORN. 



Observations upon the grass feeding species of Jassidce have been directed par- 

 ticularly throughout the season to learning important steps in their life history 

 The first point which we tried to determine was the stage in which the winter is 

 passed. Adults of Deltocephalus inimicus, D. debilis, AgaJlia sanf/uineolenta and 

 many other species bad been taken in sheltered locations last season up to the 

 time when actual winter commenced, and with the opening of spring search was 

 at once begun for them in places where it seemed most likely that they might be 

 found, viz: sunny spots of lawn on the south side of buildings, south slopes of 

 sodded hills in the woods, under debris and weeds, and in such other places as 

 seemed to afford any promise of shelter for them. The only distinctively grass 

 feeders found were Agallia sa>iguitieoleuia and TeUiffonia hieroglijphica, the for- 

 mer in a variety of situations, the latter only in the woods. No specimens what- 

 ever of Deltocephahis, Diediocephala or other conspicuous grass feeding genera 

 were found. Search for adults began March 8th and continued at sbort intervals 

 till larvie appeared all over grass land, and had adults been present they could 

 hardly have escaped notice. This seemed to show pretty certainly tbat the eggs 

 must be deposited in the fall and that the adults perish during winter if not in late 

 autumn. To determine more accurately the place of deposition of the eggs and to 

 secure additional evidence as to whether it was necessary for adults to survive the 

 winter to oviposit, a pen about 6x10 feet was built, enclosing a patch of bluegrass 

 lawn, the sides consisting of tightly fitting boards. The bottom edges were set 

 nto the ground and all cracks and openings carefully stopped; the pen was open, 

 however, at the top to sun and rain. This enclosed patch was carefully exanimed 

 to make sure that no adults were present and both it and the outside territory 

 were examined carefully at very freqent intervals to determine the first appearance 



